Background: Stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are cardiovascular diseases commonly characterized by the development of atheromatous plaques associated with major complications and high mortality rates.Objective: To identify an epidemiological trend in hospitalizations due to stroke and AMI and to analyze the relationship between health programs applied in Primary Health Care, gender and the Federative Unit.Methods: Ecological study with a time series design between 1998 and 2018, collecting data from all federal units in Brazil stratified by, gender and place of residence. There were analyzed Hospitalization Authorizations (AIH) for stroke and MI, consulting the Hospital Admissions System (SIH) of the Informatics Department of the National Health Service with p <0.05.Results: From 1998 to 2018, the rate of hospitalization for AMI increased in Brazil approximately 42.58 events per 100 thousand inhabitants annually (p<0.001), while hospitalizations for stroke declined 32.17 cases (p=0.03). This pattern was observed in both sexes in AMI and stroke. There is also evidence of the effect of the Hiperdia (p<0.001) and Mais Médicos (p=0.001) program in reducing stroke and Hiperdia cases in mitigating the evolution of AMI cases (p = 0.0001). Conclusion:Although these diseases remain as an important cause of death, stroke hospitalization has reduced significantly in the period evaluated. National programs as the Hiperdia and Mais Médicos showed an impact in the acute cases of strokes and AMI.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology. It results from endothelial aggression and affects the tunica intima of medium and large caliber arteries. 1,2 Several factors that contribute to the development of this disease are modifiable, such as systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle. The main non-modifiable risk factors are genetics, male gender, and age. 3 The atherogenic process begins in the early stages of life and, together with the spread of Western habits, is considered responsible for the increased prevalence of dyslipidemias in childhood and adolescence in several countries. 4 This scenario requires longitudinal monitoring of those at risk, based on modifiable and non-modifiable factors, in order to mitigate these events.Mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is on the rise, mainly due to population growth and ageing, as well as to the failure of health systems. In Brazil, CVD is the leading cause of death. 5 High rates
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