Objective: to evaluate the spatial distribution of mortality by suicide in the northeast of Brazil and its relationship with social and economic indicators, seeking to identify the distribution pattern distribution through a geostatistical analysis. Method: This is an ecological study that used suicide death data from 2000 to 2014 recorded in the Mortality Information System. Global and local Moran tests were applied for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and the bivariate LISA analysis was used to evaluate the spatial correlation between the suicide mortality rate and the independent variables. Results: The results showed that mortality due to suicide in the Northeast has poor spatial autocorrelation (I = 0.2608), although there is strong spatial autocorrelation for most of the analyzed variables. In the spatial bivariate analysis, the variables presented a Moran LISA Index close to zero, such as HDI (I = 0.025), Aging (I = 0.146) and Illiteracy (I = 0.06). Spatial bivariate analysis showed that there is no spatial autocorrelation between socioeconomic variables and standardized mortality rates y suicide. Conclusion: It is concluded that suicide mortality in the northeast of Brazil is randomly distributed and has no spatial relationship with socioeconomic variables.
Objective: to perform spatiotemporal analysis of suicide mortality in the elderly in Brazil. Methods: a mixed ecological study was carried out in which deaths from suicide among the elderly were analyzed using data from the Mortality Information System (MIS) and socio-demographic variables, from 2000 to 2014, with a trend analysis of this period. Univariate and bivariate spatial analysis was performed using the Moran Global and Moran Map index to evaluate the intensity and significance of spatial clusters. Results: there were 19,806 deaths due to suicide among the elderly in Brazil between 2000 and 2014. The ratio of male and female mortality rates was 4:1, with increasing trends for both genders (R2>0.8), but with greater intensity among men (p=0.0293). There was a moderate autocorrelation for men (I>0.40), with clusters forming for both genders in the south of Brazil. Bivariate analysis showed the formation of clusters in the southern region with the Human Development Index and aging variables and in the north and northeast regions based on dependence and illiteracy ratio. Conclusions: mortality due to suicide among the elderly has a tendency to increase and is unequally distributed in Brazil.
Introduction: The fertility pattern of Brazilian population has changed considerably in the last decades. Socioeconomic and cultural inequalities can influence the age of the first gestation, and the identification of these inequalities is a fundamental aspect of the monitoring and evaluation of women's health care policies. Objective: To analyze the age of women in their first gestation and the related factors in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from the National Health Survey 2013, analyzing women aged 18 to 49 years and their age in the first gestation, categorized by sociodemographic variables. Results: The North Region presented the highest percentage of pregnancy for the stratum of 10 to 14 years. The first pregnancy at the age of 15 to 19 years had the highest percentages for all regions, with a significant difference between the North and Southeast. The Southeast region obtained the highest percentage of the first pregnancy at the age of 30 to 39 years. The first pregnancy at the age of 15 to 19 years was significantly higher among the separated women; without instruction; and who live in rural areas. The first pregnancy of 10 to 14 was associated with the highest number of births that women will have throughout their lives, with a higher prevalence of 5 to 9 births. Conclusions: In Brazil, a large proportion of first pregnancies still occur in adolescence. The states of the northern region stand out with lower average ages in the first pregnancy, and this event is related to the worst socioeconomic conditions.
RESUMOObjetivo: analisar o olhar do enfermeiro do setor de urgência e emergência no que diz respeito ao cuidado ao paciente que tentou suicídio. Método: estudo exploratório-descritivo, qualitativo, realizado por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada com 13 enfermeiros de um pronto-socorro público do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram sistematizados em núcleos de significação. Resultados: o cuidado do enfermeiro ao paciente que tenta suicídio configura-se sob uma perspectiva tecnicista, com ênfase em uma abordagem clínica. Ademais, percebeu-se que os profissionais sentem-se despreparados para lidar com a temática abordada. Conclusão: é imprescindível repensar a formação profissional do enfermeiro para lidar com o suicídio, sendo fundamentaia a notificação das ocorrências dos casos nos serviços de saúde e a criação de políticas públicas voltadas para prevenção desse fenômeno.Descritores: Tentativa de Suicídio; Enfermagem; Serviços Médicos de Emergência.
Análise espaço-temporal da mortalidade por suicídio no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2015 Space-time analysis of mortality by suicide in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in the period from 2000 to 2015 Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal da mortalidade por suicídio no Rio Grande do Norte (RN) no período de 2000 a 2015. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico misto que avaliou os óbitos decorrentes de suicídio registrados no RN. A análise espacial foi realizada utilizando as taxas brutas e padronizadas. A análise univariada foi realizada através do Índice de Moran Global e Local, e a análise bivariada espacial por meio do cruzamento entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e as taxas de mortalidade. Através da Regressão Joinpoint foi possível verificar a tendência de mortalidade por suicídio. Foram registrados 2.266 óbitos por suicídio de 2000 a 2015, e a análise espacial mostrou fraca autocorrelação espacial (I < 0,3) para as Taxas de Mortalidade Padronizadas para ambos os sexos, com formação de aglomerados espaciais na Região do Seridó. A análise bivariada mostrou formação de clusters na Região do Seridó com as variáveis IDH e Envelhecimento. Além disso, foi observada uma tendência de aumento da mortalidade no sexo masculino até o ano de 2003 (APC = 15,3%; IC = 9,2-21,8), seguido de um período de estabilidade.Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze the space-time distribution of mortality by suicide in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) between 2000 and 2015. This is a mixed ecological study that evaluated the deaths due to suicide registered in RN. Spatial analysis was performed using crude and standardized rates. Univariate analysis was conducted using the Moran Global and Local Index, and spatial bivariate analysis was assessed using the cross-referencing of sociodemographic variables and mortality rates. By applying Joinpoint Regression, it was possible to verify the suicide mortality trend. There were 2,266 suicide deaths from 2000 to 2015, and spatial analysis showed poor spatial autocorrelation (I <0.3) for the Standardized Mortality Rates for both sexes, with formation of spatial clusters in the Seridó Region. The bivariate analysis showed the formation of clusters in the Seridó Region with HDI and Aging variables. In addition, there was a trend of increased male mortality up to 2003 (APC = 15.3%, CI = 9.2-21.8), followed by a period of stability.
Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial das mortes atribuíveis ao uso de álcool no Brasil. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico descritivo e analítico nos 5.570 municípios do Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2016. Analisaram-se a distribuição espacial, a intensidade e a significância por meio do índice de Moran Global, MoranMap, LisaMap e BoxMap. Resultados: no período estudado, houve 33.168 óbitos atribuíveis ao uso de álcool. Desses, foi observada uma maior proporção de óbitos para o sexo masculino nas faixas entre 40 a 59 anos. Os municípios que apresentaram as maiores taxas médias de mortalidade padronizadas por 100 mil habitantes foram Mata – RS (43,19), Pendências – RN (40,74), Uru – SP (36,43), Senhora do Porto – MG (35,77), Novo Alegre – TO (34,85), Arantina – MG (33,14) e Catuji – MG (32,71). O valor do Índice de Moran Global foi positivo e com significância estatística (p-valor=0,01). Evidenciou-se formação de clúster de alto/alto em municípios das regiões nordeste, sudeste e centro-oeste, enquanto foi verificada a presença de clúster de baixo/baixo nas regiões norte e sul do país. Conclusões: existe, no Brasil, um padrão de dependência espacial na distribuição das taxas de mortalidade atribuíveis ao uso do álcool
We sought to identify the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol abuse among farmers living in a medium-sized municipality in northeastern Brazil during 2019 and 2020. Trained interviewers applied the standardized questionnaire to 450 participants. Sociodemographic, health, income and work characteristics were investigated. The tracking of alcohol misuse was done using the CAGE questionnaire (Cut down, Annoyed by criticism, Guilty and Eye-opener), being the cut-off point ≥ 2. Poisson Regression was applied with robust estimation to verify the reasons of prevalence (RP) in bivariate and multivariate analysis. The prevalence of alcohol abuse among farmers was 32% (95% CI 27.8–36.4). Factors such as being male, having a diagnosis of mental disorder in the family, being a smoker, and using drugs were associated with the higher prevalence of the outcome. Being 60 years old or older was associated with a lower prevalence of alcohol abuse. These results indicate the need for social support to this group of workers in the context of occupational health.
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