Accidents involving industrial radiography are the most frequent cause of severe or fatal overexposure to workers and the public. On May 5, 2000, a radiation accident happened at a construction site in a gamma radiography practice at the village of Meet Halfa-Egypt. The accident was a severe overdose of non-radiation workers due to external exposure of Ir-192. This paper provides a methodology for calculating doses and dose rates from the most commonly used industrial γ-sources: 192 Ir, 60 Co, 134 Cs, 137 Cs and 131 I. For this purpose, MCNP computer code based on Monte Carlo technique is used. The applied method helps firstly in studying and analyzing the doses from the above mentioned sources. Secondly, it provides a lead container design in a trial to reduce the dose rate within the permissible. Computer models were used to simulate the 192 Ir Meet Halfa accident. To verify these models, the calculated doses were compared with a well-known empirical formula to convert source activity into dose rate and then the models were applied at different distances to analyze the factors that affect the deposited dose in the human body to find out the dose received by the victims.
KEYWORDSRadiation Accidents; Sources Used in Industry; Dose Assessment OPEN ACCESS OJMSi E. MASSOUD
Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) height (h) is one of the basic criteria for describing its structure. ABL measurements, parameters and predictions have numerous practical and theoretical implementations as forecast of pollutant concentrations, surface temperature, expansion of disturbance measurements or in climate models and numerical weather prediction. The height of the mixing layer is difficult to be measured; therefore, mathematical methods are introduced to calculate this layer and different FORTRAN programs have been developed to define the height of ABL on an hourly basis through the year. The analysis of the results showed that the variation of the height of the mixing layer for different seasons depends on the type of the dominant stability class and the value of wind speed, where the rise of the mixing layer in winter and autumn months may be related to increased frequency of stability conditions in the unstable and slightly unstable atmosphere On the other hand, when the stable conditions are dominant, the height of the mixing layer remains smaller. The boundary layer ozone is a standard contaminant because of its harmful effects on living organisms and plants. It also has an active role in atmospheric chemistry and climate change; therefore, monthly and seasonal variation of the surface ozone O 3 concentration and its effects on the atmospheric boundary layer are measured for the first time at a coastal site in Egypt in the year 2013.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.