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Although chemical hair straightening application has a beneficial effect on hair shafts, some side effects may occur after. Hence, it is necessary to develop a more safe tool.

Background Skin manifestations in diabetes mellitus (DM) are quite common. Skin changes can manifest in the prediabetic stage, in the acute metabolic situation and in the late diabetic degenerative stage. Objective To study the prevalence and the pattern of cutaneous manifestations among diabetic patients to aid in better management of diabetic skin diseases. Patients and methods One hundred patients with DM having at least one skin manifestation were selected and subjected to a detailed dermatological and systemic examination, and the findings were recorded. Blood samples were obtained for random blood glucose level. Results The most prevalent findings were cutaneous infections (40%), followed by pruritus (11%), local reactions at the site of insulin injection (8%), vitiligo (8%), diabetic dermopathy (7%), periungual telangectasia (6%), and xanthelasma (5%). The prevalence of skin manifestations was higher as the duration of diabetes increased and was more in type II than in type I diabetic patients. Conclusion The early detection of skin manifestations in DM is of prime importance to be able to avoid and/or properly manage the complications and prevent disability.

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BackgroundStriae distensae or stretch marks, although not a health risk, are of significant cosmetic concern as it affects the patient's psychological condition. Although many treatment modalities have been attempted with variable results, there is no standard treatment modality for it. Objective To compare the efficacy of a microneedling system (dermaroller) when used alone or combined with 15-30% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in the management of striae rubra. Patients and methodsThis clinical trial included 30 female patients with abdominal striae rubra treated with a dermaroller alone on the left side of the abdomen (GI) and with a dermaroller + 15-30% TCA on the right side of the abdomen (GII). Patients were treated for six sessions at 3-week intervals. We assessed the clinical features (length, width, color, and texture) of striae in each group at every session and 3 weeks after the end of the sessions (follow-up). The response to treatment was assessed objectively by the treating physicians and skin biopsies stained with hematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red stains. Subjective assessment of the clinical photographs and patient satisfaction scores was carried out by two uninvolved blind dermatologists at every session. Results A comparison between GI and GII at the follow-up session revealed statistically significant differences in length (P = 0.002), width (Po0.001), color, and texture (P = 0.049 and 0.041, respectively). More improvement in the striae was noted in GII, as 19 (63.3%) patients showed good to excellent improvement compared with 10 (33.3%) patients in GI. Skin biopsies in GII showed increased epidermal thickness after treatment (Po0.005). Collagen content was increased after treatment in both groups. Side effects including transient erythema, edema, burning pain, and hyperpigmentation were observed more in GII with increasing concentration of TCA peeling. ConclusionBoth dermaroller and dermaroller + 15-30% TCA are effective treatment modalities for striae rubra. However, dermaroller + 15-30% TCA gives better results and dermaroller alone has fewer side effects.

Background: Although dysbiosis and the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases have been intensively investigated, fungal colonization or infection has received minimal attention. Aims:To isolate and identify different fungal species namely Candida, Dermatophytes, Malassezia, and Aspergillus from plaque psoriasis patients, evaluate the association of IL-17A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with psoriasis, and to reveal the relation between IL-17A gene SNPs and the fungal presence within the psoriatic plaques.Patients/Methods: Fifty plaque psoriasis patients and fifty healthy age and sex volunteers as controls were enrolled in this study. From psoriatic plaques, mycological isolation was done by direct microscopic examination (10% KOH mount), culture onto the three sets of media then species identification by phenotypic procedures. Genomic DNA extraction and genotyping for IL-17A (rs10484879) SNPs using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were also done.Results: Psoriasis cases showed higher frequency of fungal growth 86% vs. 14% in controls; (p < 0.001). The frequency of IL-17A GA, AA, and total polymorphism (GA+AA) genotypes in psoriasis cases was significantly higher than in controls. There was nonsignificant association between different IL-17A genotypes and fungal growth except Aspergillus flavus, which decreased gradually with GG, GA, and AA (37.5%, 20.8%, and 0%, respectively).Conclusions: Psoriasis cases are significantly associated with fungal growth, which may be a contributing factor in its pathogenesis. SNPs of IL-17A (rs10484879) G/A gene led to increased susceptibility toward pathogenesis of psoriasis. Fungal growth and IL-17A GA+AA genotypes are suggested to be independent predictors of psoriasis susceptibility.

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Skin break out vulgaris is a constant cutaneous issue including brokenness of the pilosebaceous unit and is among the most well-known dermatological conditions around the world, with an expected 650 million individuals influenced. Serum chemerin is an adipokine that partakes in the resistant reaction by means of guideline of adipocyte improvement and metabolic capacity. Chemerin applies a critical impact on various resistant cell lines like NKs and DCs. In this way, serum chemerin was accounted for to apply a urgent job in a few provocative sicknesses. The investigation expected to assess serum level of Chemerin in patients with skin break out vulgaris. In addition, investigation of lipid profile boundaries and BMI was performed. The current examination included 50 skin inflammation vulgaris patients and 30 sound control subjects. Assessment of serum level of Chemerin in members and control bunches by protein connected immunosorbent measure (ELISA). Assessment of a lipid profile will be done in patients and control gatherings. Results and end: The base age in the skin inflammation bunch was 16 and the most extreme was 33, while the mean was 24.2 ± 5. The base age in the benchmark group was 17 and the greatest was 35, while the mean was 23.4 ± 4. Serum chemerin was fundamentally higher in skin break out patients contrasted with control subjects and was emphatically corresponded to seriousness of skin break out vulgaris. Assessment of serum lipid profile uncovered that skin inflammation patients had essentially serum cholesterol, TAG, LDL and fundamentally lower HDL contrasted with controls. In addition, skin inflammation patients had essentially higher BMI.