Crude extracts of Ranunculus asiaticus anthocyanin pigment were obtained using several solvents, and their stability to light and heat with varying pH and water activity (a w ) levels was studied. Yield of the crude pigments was approximately 48 mg g )1 petals as cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents in HCl: methanol (1:99, v:v). The pigment was moderately stable to heating at 50°C and 80°C, with its degradation curve showing two linear stages with heating time. The heat stability of the pigment extract in a buffer system was reduced by increasing the pH and water activity of the heating medium, and by inclusion of sugar. Light had a highly significant (P £ 0.01) negative effect on the pigment stability during storage especially in the presence of sugar. The pigment used in the colouring of a carbonated beverage was more stable during long time storage at 4°C than at room temperature. The ethanolic pigment extract could be used successfully in the colouring of gelatine desserts and carbonated beverages, as well as yogurt.

The aim of this study is to investigate the degree of classroom teaching practices of Islamic education teachers in the secondary stage in public schools and its relation with the variables of experience and gender from constructive perspective.The study sample consisted of (88) male and female teachers chosen from the teachers of Islamic education in Zarka governorate. A questionnaire was designed; its validity and reliability were proven.The study has revealed the following results:-1. The domain of implementing teaching has occupied the first position among the domains for all groups, then comes planning for teaching at secondly stage. The third one is classroom management, and finally, teaching evaluation. 2. There were statistically significant differences in the classroom practices of the teachers of Islamic education in secondary stages due to interaction between the variables of gender and experience. 3. There were no statistically significant differences in the class room teaching practices of the Islamic education teachers of secondary stage due to gender and experience.