Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to assess fracture resistance and retention of three different endocrown materials. Materials and Methods: Thirty (n=30) sound mandibular molars were endodontically treated and according to endocrown constructed material appointed arbitrarily into 3 groups (n=10 each); Group (1): IPS e.max CAD, Group (2): Vita Suprinity and Group (3): Vita Enamic. Samples of each group were additionally subdivided into2 subgroups (n=5 each) according to fracture resistance and retention tests. Subgroup (A): Samples subjected to fracture resistance test and mode of failure. Subgroup (B): Samples subjected to retention test and mode of failure. The samples were thermocycled and seated on a universal testing machine and subjected to fracture resistance and retention test, then Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The highest mean failure load was recorded for Vita Suprinity endocrowns, followed by IPS e-max endocrowns, while Vita Enamic endocrowns recorded the lowest mean failure load.A non-statistically significant difference between the three tested groups of subgroup (A) revealed by using ANOVA test.The highest debonding load was recorded for Vita Enamic endocrowns, followed by IPS e-max CAD endocrowns, while the lowest mean debonding was recorded for Vita Suprinity endocrowns. A nonstatistically significant difference between the three tested groups of subgroup (B) revealed by using ANOVA test. Conclusions: Endocrowns of Vita Suprinity showed higher mean failure load value compared to endocrowns of E-max CAD and Vita Enamic. While endocrowns of Vita Enamic showed higher mean debonding load value compared to E-max CAD and Vita Suprinity.
Purpose:The current study aimed to evaluate the marginal accuracy and microleakage of machinable laminate veneers. Materials and Methods: Twentyfour human maxillary central incisor teeth were collected and prepared (butt-joint preparation) to receive laminate veneers. They were divided into three groups (n=8) according to material of construction: Group I: IPS-Emax CAD, Group II: Vita Suprinity, Group III: Celtra-Duo. The veneers were milled from the blocks in a CEREC 3 Machine. All veneers were cemented with resin cement. All samples had been subjected to 1500 thermal cycles which are equivalent to one year and half of clinical use. Marginal gap (pre and post cementation) and microleakage were detected for all samples. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Regarding vertical marginal gap, E max CAD showed the highest mean value followed by Celtra Duo, while the lowest mean value was found in Vita Suprinity. The mean values before cementation were higher than after cementation. Regarding microleakage, the highest mean value was found in E max followed by Celtra Duo, while the lowest mean value was found in Vita Suprinity. Leakage at cervical margins showed higher mean values than incisal one. Conclusion: Under the test conditions, the following was concluded: Zirconia reinforced Lithium silicate restorations, particularly the partially crystalline form, introduced better marginal accuracy and microleakage than Lithium disilicate restorations. There is a direct correlation between marginal accuracy and microleakage.
Aim:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the retention values and marginal adaptation of implant-supported metal copings using different luting agents. Material and Method:Forty implant fixtures and solid abutments of 7mm height were embedded vertically in epoxy resin blocks. Metal copings with a loop on the occlusal surface were fabricated using base metal alloy. The copings were luted using four different cements (Multilink N, Fuji Plus, Fuji1 and Adhesor) under static load of 5kg (n=10). All specimens were subjected to 1000 thermal cycles between 5˚c and 55˚c with a dwell time of 10 seconds in a thermocycling device. Marginal accuracy was detected before and after cementation of all specimens by stereomicroscope. TheTensile force required to dislodge the copings were determined by a computer controlled universal testing machine with a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/ min.The force in Newton(N) required to remove the copings was recorded. Data was collected and statistically analyzed.Results: Multilink N and Fuji1 had the highest and the least mean retentive strength respectively. There was no significant difference between MultilinkN, Fuji Plus and Adhesor. The absolute marginal discrepancies of cements were in reducing order zinc phosphate , resin modified glass ionomer, glass ionomer and resin cement.Conclusion: within the conditions of this study, resin cement, the resin modified glass ionomer and zinc phosphate had statistically the same retentive quality and are recommended for definitive cementation of single implant-supported restoration. Different luting media had a definite effect over the final fit of all metal copings, but they were all within the clinically accepted level of 100 µm.
Purpose: The plan for this study was to anatomise the effect of alternative surface treatments to enhance bonding to zirconia. Materials and Methods: forty discs of zirconia (Prettau,zircon zhan, Italy) were prepared using Isomet 4000 precision Saw then discs were divided into 5 groups. Group 1, control; Group2, zirconia discs were treated with50-mm Al 2 O 3 particles; Group 3, zirconia discs were received hand grinding; Group 4, zirconia discs were treated by a CO2 laser and Group 5, zirconia discs were treated using ERYAG laser. Composite resin discs were constructed and cemented to zirconia samples with panavia cement. For the bond strength test, a universal testing machine was used. Results: the highest shear bond strength was recorded for (Hand grinding) group (2) while the lowest mean value was recorded for control group (1). Conclusions: Treatment of Zirconia Surfaces with hand grinding or sandblasting increased shear bond strength. Treatment of Zirconia with CO2 and ERYAG lasers increased shear bond strength of zirconia, with the CO2 laser being higher than ERYAG laser.
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