BackgroundPectus Excavatum (PEx) is the most common congenital chest wall deformity, accounting for over 90% of all chest wall deformities. Surgical correction is recommended because severe PEx can affect the physical and psychological development of patients. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of surgical repair of Pectus Excavatum in adults during hospital course and results after 1 year.MethodsProspective study was carried out on 86 adult patients aged ≥ 15 years, 52 males and 34 females (mean age was 26 ± 1.5 years). All cases were divided into two groups, group I: (15–25 years old) and group II: (> 25 years old). Preoperative, operative, and postoperative data were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed.ResultsStatistical analyses revealed significant improvement postoperatively of cosmetic satisfaction (P-value < 0.0001), pain (P-value =0.0003), exertional dyspnea (p-value <0.05) and exercise tolerance. The degree of chest compression was significantly improved after surgical correction within 12 months and the estimated measurement postoperatively of Haller Index showed significant reduction (p-value <0.001). Patient satisfaction postoperatively was excellent in 77.9% of all cases.ConclusionSurgical correction of Pectus Excavatum using open technique in adults had excellent post-operative outcome in the short term follow up that encourage performing the procedure for all cases. Long term results need longer period for follow up. Etiology and predisposing factors still need further research.

Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital heart disease (CHD) in adults after bicuspid aortic valve. Although the defect is often asymptomatic until adulthood, undetected ASDs could lead to potential irreversible complications like arrhythmias, stroke, pulmonary hypertension and its squeal.

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Twenty-five out of 200 mature Barki ewes were diagnosed with trichobezoars over two years in a privately owned sheep farm. Diagnosed ewes showed signs of inappetence, dullness, emaciation, weakness, scanty hard feces, and recurrent bouts of tympany. Closer observation of these ewes revealed the abnormal behavior of wool pulling by teeth from each other. Serum copper, zinc, iron, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulins, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and total cholesterol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in ewes affected by trichobezoars than healthy ewes. In contrast, mean values of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, blood urea, and creatinine were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in affected ewes. Furthermore, ruminal fluid analysis of trichobezoars ewes revealed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in pH, total protozoa counts with reduced motility, whereas a significantly (P < 0.01) prolonged methylene blue reduction time and elevated levels of total volatile fatty acids were observed. Histopathological changes in the trichobezoars-affected rumen revealed ballooning degeneration, leukocytic infiltration in the mucosal layer. Mucosal sloughing with a detachment of the stratified epithelium abomasum showed ulcerated surface with necrotic glandular epithelium and focal leukocytic infiltrations, in conclusion when trichobezoars accumulate in larger numbers, more significant sizes in the rumen and Abomasum can obstruct the gastrointestinal tract and increase mortality risks in sheep.