The present study was designed to determine the adverse effect of sodium benzoate (SB), vitamin C (Vit.C) alone and their combination on liver and kidney functions in rabbits. Thirty-six adult male rabbits were divided randomly into six equal groups. Group 1 (Control group) received orally distal water, group 2: Vit.C (200mg/kg BW/day) received orally, group 3: received orally SB (60 mg/kg BW/day), group 4: received orally SB (120 mg/kg BW/day). Group 5: received orally SB+Vit.C (60+200 mg/ kg BW/day) and group 6: received orally SB+Vit.C (120+200 mg/ kg BW/day). The result revealed a significant increment in ALT, AST, ALP and MDA in groups 4, 5 and 6 while total protein levels increased in G3 and G4 and decrease in G5 and G6 compared to control and another treated groups. The urea and creatinine levels increased in G5 and G6 as compared to another groups. In conclusion that SB administration alone and together with Vit.C caused adverse effect on liver and kidney functions compared to the group treated with the Vit.C alone and control groups.
The present study aims to evaluate the effects of metformin in combination with vitamin B12 and folic acid on lipid profiles and serum homocysteine levels in male rabbits. The study included twenty-four male rabbits that weighed (1.5-2 kg), and were divided randomly into four groups (six rabbits/group). The control first group was administrated (5 ml) of distilled water;The second group was given metformin (125g/kg B.W) plus vitamin B12 (500 μg/kg B.W) daily, the third group was given metformin (125g/kg B.W) plus folic acid (5g/kg B.W) daily and the fourth group was given metformin (125g/kg B.W), folic acid (5g/kg B.W) and vitamin B12 (500 μg/kg B.W) daily, the rabbits were followed up for one month. The results revealed a decrease in the final body weight and body weight gain in all treated groups as compared to the control group. The homocysteine parameter decreases significantly in the second group which was given metformin and B12 and the third group was given metformin in combination with folic acid as compared with the control group and group four. It showed a significant decrease in the fourth group (metformin + folic acid + vitamin B12) compared with the second and third groups also the glucose level increased significantly in group three compared to group second, fourth, and control group. The results showed that serum cholesterol and TG have decreased in G2 and G3 while an increase in G4 as compared with the control group, and the HDL was decreased in G2 and G4 compared with control and G3 groups. While the results of LDL and VLDL were increased in G3 and G4 compared with G2 and the control group.
Creatine is a substance found naturally in body tissues, especially in the muscles and brain. Creatine is found in the diet, especially in seafood and red meat, and is commonly used to increase muscle mass and improve exercise performance in humans. This research was design to evaluate the effects of creatine administration on many physiological and biochemical parameters. In the method design, 24 mature adult male rabbits are divided at random into four groups as the following: G1 (Group of control): six mature adult of male rabbits orally administered distilled H2O (1ml/animal) by gavage daily, G2 mature adult of male rabbits were orally administration creatine monohydrate (1ml/kg BW) by gavage daily. G 3 mature adult of male rabbits were orally administration creatine monohydrate (2ml/kg BW) by gavage daily. While G4 adult male rabbits were orally administration creatine monohydrate (3ml/kg BW). After 30-days of administration, the rabbits were anaesthetized and blood samples were collected for determination thyroid hormones, liver enzymes, lipid profiles and kidney function (determined by urea, creatinine levels) and serum total protein levels, in the results, the groups that received 1, 2 and 3 ml of creatinine significantly increased but more over increased in group treated with 3 ml of creatinine in all studied parameters such as T4 hormones, liver enzymes, urea, creatinine levels and all lipid profile except TSH, T3, HDL, total protein concentration decreased significantly compared to the control group. In conclusions, the creatine has harmful effect on biochemical and physiological parameters in the creatine-treated group (3ml). In the conclusion that an adverse effect of creatine on the functions of the thyroid gland, liver and kidneys increases in these organs with increase doses.
Collagen is the main structural protein of connective tissues in animals. Comprising approximately 30% of all proteins in the body, it is present in fibrous tissues, such as tendons and ligaments, as well as in the cornea, cartilage, bones, skin, and blood vessels. This study was aims to evaluation the effect of oral administration of collagen-α® on the health status of functions of liver and kidneysin male rabbits. The animals were randomly (6 rabbits/group) divided into three groups which include: Group-A (standard group) was administered with 1 ml of distal water, Group-B (collagen-α15) was administered with 1 ml of collagen-α® and Group C (collagen –α30) was administered with 1ml of Collagen-α® for 30 days. The results showed various changes in parameters and histopathologythat related to the liver and kidneys functions in groups of collagen-α when compared with the control group. The risk of sub-acute and acute toxic effect was observed in mature male rabbit's oral administration with 1 ml collagen-α supplement for 30 days. This result suggests that the adverse effect of collagen derived supplements administration for long period.
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