The present study aims to describe the effect of heavy metals: copper, manganese, iron and zinc on the water quality of El-Bagouria Canal at Kafr El-Zayat region, El-Gharbiah Governorate. Seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters were studied during the period from summer, 2013 to spring, 2014. Also, to study their effects on the different organs of the commercial fish species; Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus by studying some of biochemical parameters of this fish species (total protein, total lipids, total carbohydrates, ASAT and ALAT) during the study period.Results revealed that, heavy metals in the water showed seasonal variations. Also, data exhibited the highest values of heavy metals in the different organs of O. niloticus were recorded during winter in the liver and kidney and the lowest were observed in the muscles. Biochemical analysis indicated devastating effects, especially enzymes activities, in the metabolic organs. Statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA, at p<0.05) based on data represent the measured values of heavy metals in the different organs of O. niloticus during the different seasons. One way analysis proved that, there were highly significant differences between the metals and between the different seasons also between different organs. On the other hand, two ways of ANOVA provided highly significant differences between organs and metals at the same seasons. While, non-significant differences were detected at the interactions between seasons and organs at the same metals and between seasons and metals at the same organs. One way analysis for biochemical parameters in the different organs of O. niloticus during the different seasons proved that, there were highly significant differences between the parameters. Meanwhile, there were significant differences between the different seasons and between target organs. Moreover, two ways of ANOVA provided highly significant differences between organs and parameters at the same seasons. While, non-significant differences were found at the interactions between seasons and organs at the same parameters and between seasons and parameters at the same organs.
Seasonal estimations of viable bacterial counts (VBC) were performed for Nile River water at two water purification stations during the year 1981-1982 using 5 different enumeration media at 30 or 55•Ž. In general, the counts varied with the depth, season, locality, enumeration medium and temperature of incubation. Identification of 146 bacterial strains isolated from the different enumeration plates revealed the presence of 14 genera covering 21 species. Suggestions were made to protect the Nile River water from the pollution caused by human waste and sewage.
INTRODUCTION Damietta Nile Branch receives a large amount of untreated effluents from agricultural domestic and partially treated industrial wastewater. Contamination of water is a serious environmental problem as it adversely affects the human health and the biodiversity in the aquatic ecosystem (Sabae & Rabeh, 2007). El-Bagouria Canal (Fig. 1) is diverting from El-Monofy Rayah, It extends along the middle of Kafr El-Zayat Center (El-Gamal, 2009).
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