Background. Successful periodontal and implant surgery as well as orthodontic treatment often depends on gingival and mucosal thickness. So far there has been no generally accepted protocol of measuring the thickness of gingiva by non-invasive methods.Objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility (%R&R) of the 20 MHz A-Scan ultrasonic device in measuring gingival thickness (GT) in the mucogingival complex. Material and methods.A 2-stage study utilizing non-invasive ultrasonic methods was conducted. In the 1st stage, 3 operators got calibrated by measuring previously established GT in porcine cadaver jaws. In the 2nd stage, 1 periodontally healthy subject was recruited in the study. Three operators performed the measurements of GT in maxillary left central and lateral incisors and canines, using the 20 MHz A-Scan ultrasonic device with a probe of 1.7 mm in diameter. The thickness was measured in 4 standardized points located in the free gingiva (FGT), supracrestal gingiva (SGT), crestal gingiva (CGT) and the mucosa (MGT).Results. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was used to quantify %R&R. The repeatability and reproducibility of the measurements was 8.4%. Interobserver reproducibility varied from 0.8% to 13.4%. The average intraobserver coefficient of variation (CV) was 6.6% (1.9-13.6%). The median of the reproducibility of all measurements was 8.1 %. Nevertheless, the median of CV was variable to the observer, i.e. 5.4%, 6.5%, 6.4%. Conclusions.The obtained results in %R&R prove the good recognition of methodology as well as the usefulness of the device. Non-invasive ultrasonic biometer GT measurements are crucial in periodontology as well as in other fields of dentistry.
We evaluated ovarian function by measuring the levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol, and gonadotropins in 83 young women treated for cancer during childhood and adolescence, and classified according to post-treatment gonadal toxicity versus 38 healthy females. Results. The mean AMH values were lower in the entire cohort independently of the risk group as compared to the control, whereas FSH was elevated only in the high risk group. The lowest AMH values were noted in patients after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and those treated for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Nineteen patients (22.9%) had elevated FSH. They all had low AMH values. Lowered AMH values (but with normal FSH and LH) were observed in 43 patients (51.8%). There was no effect of age at the time of treatment (before puberty, during or after puberty) on AMH levels. Conclusion. Our results show the utility of AMH measurement as a sensitive marker of a reduced ovarian reserve in young cancer survivors. Patients after BMT and patients treated for HL, independently of age at treatment (prepuberty or puberty), are at the highest risk of gonadal damage and early menopause.
Children with severe aplastic anemia (AA) require multiple transfusions of the red blood cells during the immunosuppressive therapy. This leads to iron overload and manifests as elevated levels of ferritin in blood. The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis of the influence of the elevated serum ferritin on the overall survival, event-free survival, the risk of relapse, and response to treatment in children with AA during immunosuppressive therapy. We analyzed 38 children with AA (19 girls, 19 boys, aged 2-17 years) treated according to the obligatory protocol for AA in Poland. The response rate was assessed on days 84, 112, and 360. Patients were divided into three groups: group I consisted of children with ferritin below 285 ng/mL (6 children), group II with ferritin between 286 and 1,000 ng/mL (13 children), and group III ferritin>1,000 ng/mL (19 children). Kaplan-Meier plot was used to estimate the overall survival and event-free survival. We found the overall survival did not differ between the three groups. Event-free survival was significantly shorter (p=0.03) in patients with ferritin levels>1,000 ng/mL compared with the groups with ferritin bellow 1,000 ng/mL. The time to relapse was significantly shorter in group III than in the other two groups (p=0.02). We also found the differences in the treatment response at day 84 (p=0.03) and day 112 (p<0.0001) of immunosuppressive therapy. These findings confirm a negative influence of iron overload in children with AA on the effect of treatment and the risk of relapse.
Immunosuppressive therapy is the treatment of choice in children with acquired severe aplastic anemia (AA) and no HLA-matched family donor. The paper presents results of a multicenter study of 63 children with AA treated with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) and cyclosporine A as the first line treatment in the years 1996-2012. Therapeutic effects were evaluated at Days 112, 180, and 360. At Day 112, remission was achieved in 28 out of the 63 patients (44.4 %), complete remission in 10 patients (15.9 %), and partial remission in 18 (28.5 %). At Day 180, 31 patients (49.2 %) were in remission including 15 cases in complete (23.8 %), and 16 cases in partial remission (25.4 %). One year after therapy onset, 34 patients (64.9 %) were in remission including 24 patients (38.0 %) in complete and 10 (15.9 %) in partial remission. Relapse occurred in 4 patients, from 8 months up to 2 years and 2 months after remission. One child, 5 years after remission, was diagnosed with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. The estimated 10-year overall survival rate and 10-year event-free survival rate were 67 % and 57 %, respectively.
Anti‐cancer treatment in children can deteriorate gonadal function and affect future fertility. We analyzed the hormonal markers of gonadal function in adolescent leukemia survivors, treated in childhood with different levels of aggressiveness. We analyzed hormone levels in 69 adolescents and young adults, leukemia survivors stratified into standard (SR), intermediate (IR), and high (HR) risk groups, and in 80 healthy controls (38 men) at a similar age. We assessed follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and inhibin B in the whole group, testosterone in males, and E2 and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) in females. Males classified into HR group presented, in comparison to control, higher levels of FSH, LH, lower inhibin B, and normal testosterone, whereas in SR and IR group, the hormonal values were comparable to the control. In females, in all risk groups, the levels of FSH, LH, E2, and inhibin B were comparable with the control, but the mean AMH levels were slightly lowered. We did not observe the effect of prophylactic cranial irradiation (12 or 18 Gy) or the time of treatment (before vs. during puberty) on hormone levels. In females, a positive correlation was found between the time interval after the end of treatment and AMH levels. Male leukemia survivors having undergone more intensive chemotherapy show the symptoms of disturbed spermatogenesis and need to be followed‐up in the future. Women, irrespective of the risk group, can develop the signs of preterm ovarian insufficiency. They should be informed about the impact of the treatment on gonadal function.
Introduction: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA identical family donors is the treatment chosen for children with (SAA). When no donor is available, combined immunosuppressive therapy (IS) is given. Material and method: SAA was recognised in 85 children (31 girls, 54 boys) aged 2–17.5 years in ten haematological clinic in Poland between 1993–2003 years. All patients received IS according SAA Working Party of the EBMT protocol: ALG or ATG, CsA, prenisolon and in 79 patients G-CSF or GM-CSF was additionally administered. Haematological response was evaluated on day 180 of therapy. Results and conclusion: Complete remission (CR) occurred in 43 patients (40.5%), partial remission (PR) on 22 (25.8%), no response (NR) was obtained in 20 children (23.7%). Period of observation was from 12 months to 10.5 years. During this time relapse occurred in 10 patients (8.5%). Patients with NR and relapse were treated second course of IS or BMT from matched bone marrow donors. Unrelated BMT was performed in 11 patients with NR after IS. We observed 17 deaths (10 early during the first 3 months of IS) in all group. At present 54 children (63.5%) is in first remission (CR or PR) with lasts from 12 months to 10 years. During the 10.5 year of observation we notice one case with late clonal complication (PNH). Transformation to neoplasma was not observed in none of our patients after IS.
Plasma proteasome ChT-L activity may serve as an additional marker in monitoring anticancer therapy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.