Extreme similarities in the anatomy and physiology of the feto-placento-uterine unit in baboons and humans make the baboon an ideal model to investigate various aspects of reproductive physiology. Thirty-six amniotic fluid samples from 30 normal baboon pregnancies ranging in length from 50 to 173 days (term=180 days) were analyzed to obtain baseline data.Amniotic fluid volume as determined by para-aminohippurate dilution ranged from 126 to 380 ml, with a mean ( ' S D ) of 269'77.6 ml. Volume did not vary significantly over the period of the study. It correlated well with the volume determined at cesarean section by aspirating all the fluid prior to incising the uterus (r=0.65). Osmolality averaged 273'8.3 mOsm/kg (range:252-287). Creatinine (C) concentration ranged from 0.23 to 1.51 mg/dl and increased linearly with gestational length (G): C=0.008 G0.09, r=0.63, Syx=0.248. Protein (P) concentration ranged from 0.022 to 1.229 g/dl and increased as a power function of gestational length: P=0.022 G'. ~, r=0.88,. A spectrophotometric absorption peak was identified at 400 nm rather than at 450 nm: AOD400 averaged 0.047 '0.0686 (range: 0-0.290) and did not vary with gestational length.While these values are of the same order of magnitude as those observed in human amniotic fluid, the data suggest that baboon amniotic fluid differs from humans' in a number of respects.NEONATAL EFFECTS OF SEVERE MATERNAL HYPERTENSION BEFORE 36 WEEKS GESTATION Jane E Braz V i r i n i a 1260 L i t t l e , Jud Grimm (Spon, d i y j T k iUniversity M m cent&, Dept. o f Pediatrics, Durham, NC. Neonatal problems associated w i t h an abnormal f e t a l environment have been well documented f o r i n f a n t s o f d i a b e t i c mothers, b u t the e f f e c t s o f severe hypertension upon the i n f a n t have n o t been w e l l defined. Twenty-eight i n f a n t s 27-35 weeks o f gestation, delivered o f mothers w i t h d i a s t o l i c hypertension 2 110 mmHg (IHM) and 28 gestational age-matched control i n f a n t s (C1)'delivered o f normotensive mothers without t o c o l y t i c therapy were compared t o determine the e f f e c t s o f severe hypertension and i t s therapy on the preterm neonate. Eight hypertensive mothers (HM) were eclampt i c ; a l l HM received magnesium sulfate; 32% sedatives; and 79% antihypertensive medications. Thrombocytopenia and marked LDH elevation occurred i n 50% o f hypertensive mothers. 39% o f IHM and 0% CI were small f o r gestational age (p < .001); 29% and 0% were microcephalic a t b i r t h ( p < .01). Other s i g n i f i c a n t d i fferences between the two groups o f i n f a n t s were noted i n the i ncidence o f hypotonia, ileus, delayed s t o o l i n g , delayed respirat o r y adaptation, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, neutropenia, patent ductus arteriosus and b i r t h asphyxia. Maternal thrombocytopenia and enzyme elevations were s i g n i f i c a n t l y associated w i t h growth retardation, microcephaly, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and b i r t h asphyxia i n the i n f a n t . Gastrointe...
The inherent characteristics of nonheated (NH) and heated (H) transcutaneous PC02 electrodes (PtcC02) favor their application in different clinical conditions. Knowledge of factors affecting NHP tcC02 values and of changes induced by HPtcC02 electrodes is necessary for their clinical use. 24 infants, BW 840 to 4240 gms., GA 24 to 43 wks were studied at ages 8 to 110 hrs. HPtcCO2 at 430C and 4 4 O~ were monitored and related to PaC02. Good correlations with PaCO have been demonstrated for NHPtcCO (r.8), 430C (r.86) and 4 4 O~ fr.91) HPtcC02, (all with p<.001). ~2 e factors analyzed were: maturity, body weight, sex, postnatal age, and the use of radiant warmers (RW) and incubators (I). Results for NHPtcC02: preterm infants had PtcCO2 higher by 4mmHg than term infants (PC. 005). Infants weighing 2500 qrms. (n=17) had mean PtcC02 levels 4mmHg higher than larger infants (n=8) (~(~01). Postnatal age did not affect PtcCO2. There were no differences between genders. Mean PtcC02 were higher in infants in I than RW (p<,01). In asymptomatic prematures with PDA, values from right infraclavicular area were lower (p<.001) than those from other areas of the body studieg. All differences found for NHPCOL disappeared when 43OC and An assay for carbonic anhydrase activity was developed which measures pH deflection rate from the hydration of dissolved Cop. Enzymatic activity is expressed as ml C02 hydration catalysis per minute per mg Hgb or lung tissue protein at 22O C. Fetal RBC carbonic anhydrase activity correlated significantly with gestational age, rising from 14.9 '3 to 34.9 +4 ml CD2 hydration per minute/mg Hgb at 2 2 ' C. Adult red cell activity was 84.6 *13. Lung tissue carbonic anhydrase activity was fndependant of that in RBC, and ranged from 3.2 a1.3 to 6.1 A1.8 ml C02/min per mg lung protein, and directly correlated with fetal lung liquid CI-/HC03-ratios, peaking at 27 days gestation then decreasing to the levels found at term and In the adult rabbit lung. The susceptibility of mice to develop experimental diabetes vary among different inbred strains. 65 mice are more resistant to develop diabetes than KsJ mice due to the ability of their islet cells to undergo hypertrophy, These differences may manifest also during transplantation. Twelve 6J mice were made diabetic with streptozotocin given at 1 mg per gm body weight and 12 KsJ mice with 0.5 mg per gm. A week later islet cells from 6 week old normal 6J and KsJ mice were transplanted into the kidney capsule of the diabetic mice. Pancreas tissue from two normal 6J and two KsJ mice were minced with scissors into fragments about 0.5 to 1 mm in Hauk'ssolution and immediately transferred into the renal capsule of the 63 and KsJ diabetic host respectively, The course of the diabetes was followed by determination oi plasma glucose. The pre transplantation mean fSD glucose was 524'119 in 65 and 529f76 mgIper'100 ml in KsJ, and the post transplantation was 263'134 in 6J and 426'135 mgfper 100 ml in KsJ. Islets containing beta cells were stained with aldehyde fuchsin and fou...
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