BackgroundAntiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) can affect all vessels in the body. Ocular complications are seen most commonly in posterior segment of the eye in these patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the posterior segment signs in APS patients and to compare these signs between Primary APS, Secondary APS and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients without APS.MethodsWe have included 11 Primary APS, 2 Sjogren's Syndrome/ 27 SLE patients diagnosed as Secondary APS and 29 SLE patients without APS followed at Marmara University, Division of Rheumatology Outpatient Clinics in this study. All of the patients had a detailed ophthalmological examination, including dilated fundus examination and color fundus imaging. 10 patients with Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome, 23 patients with Secondary APS and 23 patients with SLE had fundus fluorescein angiography imaging.ResultsMean age of the patients was 34.8±12.5 years in Primary APS, 38.3±11.1years in Secondary APS and 38.3±10.9 years in SLE group. In Primary APS 45.5% of patients had venous thrombosis, 45.5% had arterial thrombosis and 72.7% had obstetric complications. In Secondary APS, 44.8% patients had venous thrombosis, 27.6% had arterial thrombosis and 72.4% had obstetric complications. Venous tortuosity was observed in 6 eyes of 3 patients in Primary APS group and 8 eyes of 4 patients in Secondary APS group. One patient with Secondary APS had bilateral branch retinal arterial occlusion. The most common ocular finding of the FFA was pigment epithelial window defect and was observed totally in 19 eyes of 12 patients. There was no statistically significant difference of ocular findings between the Primary APS, Secondary APS and SLE patients.ConclusionsIn this study, ocular posterior segment findings of Primary APS had been observed less commonly than previous studies. The lower prevalence of ocular complications in this study can be the result of early diagnosis and better control of relapses in these patients.Disclosure of InterestNone declared
Purpose: To evaluate structural changes in the anterior chamber and intraocular pressure (IOP) changes following intravitreal dexamethasone implantation. Methods: Forty-two eyes of 42 patients that received intravitreal dexamethasone implant for the management of macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy or branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) were included in the study. IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry. Anterior chamber depth (ACD) and iridocorneal angle (ICA) was measured by a Scheimflug camera (Sirius, CSO, Italy) the day before the injection of the dexamethasone implant and on postoperative day 1, first week, and first month. Results: Mean IOP was 15.14 ± 2.77 mmHg before the procedure and, 15.67 ± 3.70 mmHg, 15.86 ± 3.11 mmHg, 16.21 ± 2.75 mmHg on day 1, first week, and first month following intravitreal dexamethasone implantation, respectively. Mean ICA and ACD were significantly higher in pseudophakic eyes compared to phakic eyes. However, there was no statistically significant change in ICA before and after the procedure (on postoperative day 1, first week, and first month) among both phakic and pseudophakic patients ( p = 0.783). Similarly, ACD remained unchanged after the procedure (on postoperative day 1, first week, and first month) compared to the initial measurement ( p = 0.802). Conclusion: This study confirmed that there was an increase in IOP. However, these changes were not accompanied with a change in ACD or ICA.
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