This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of institutional capital and its implications on trade and environmentally sustainable development under NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement). The main purpose of the research is conducting a critical analysis the implications in terms of the relationship between cooperation, conflict and institutional capital, as well as their interactions with trade-marketing and environmentally sustainable development policy making under the framework of NAFTA. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of whether the North American Free Trade Agreement should continue to operate despite the challenges and the institutional capital capacity built by the country members indicates that the renegotiation process should incorporate the institutional capital already developed. The relevance of the decision of this scientific problem is that created institutional capital has critical effects on trade, marketing and environmentally sustainable development. Investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence based on literature review aimed to create a relationship between the analytical variables in order to obtain a research construct. Methodological tools of the research methods were reviewing 24 years of research on the implementation of NAFTA. The object of research is the chosen countries, of United States, Canada and Mexico, because namely they have created the NAFTA The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis of the implications in terms of cooperation and conflict relationships as institutional capital and their interactions with trade-marketing and environmentally sustainable development policy making which showed that the research model proposed and used to analyze is useful as a research construct. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that although the existence of NAFTA is severely questioned, its institutional capital has positive effects on the implications of trade-marketing, however, environmentally sustainable development proves to be conflictive and highly contentious, although some positive effects are developing. The results of the research can be useful for the renegotiations processes of individual firms, industries, economic sectors and countries under NAFTA.
Institutions play a significant role in the sustainable development of nations (North, 1990). Institutions are defined as the formal and informal rules of the game, and transaction costs influence economic efficiency
análisis crítico que se basa principalmente en algunas fuentes de información, el análisis de los resultados del TLCAN y el examen estratégico de sus desafíos y oportunidades para las PYME. Finalmente, el análisis establece algunos escenarios posibles después de la renegociación del TLCAN y algunas propuestas estratégicas para las PYMES. Palabras clave: Desafío, NAFTA, oportunidad, renegociación, escenario, pymes. ABSTRACT RESUMEN
This study analyzes the various features and elements related to strategic organizational sustainability. The analysis departs from the assumption that traditional organizations have to face a lot of challenges posed by the new global economy context confronting contradictory patterns of globalization and des-globalization processes. In order to create the new conditions for the organizations not only to survive but to succeed, a new model based on designing and implementing strategic organizational sustainability, abandoning the narrow focus on economic growth and profits to embrace the social inclusion and equity as well as the environmental sustainability issues, is.
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