Pada tahun 2009, dilakukan penelitian deskriptif di Kecamatan Jatibarang dan Kecamatan Kedokan Bunder untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor sanitasi lingkungan, dan perilaku ibu-ibu dan kejadian penyakit infeksi pada bayi dan anak. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dengan responden ibu rumah tangga yang mempunyai bayi/ anak balita berjumlah 401 orang. Penyakit diare pada bayi/anak disebabkan oleh media tercemar yang masuk ke sistem pencernaan melalui sumber air untuk minum maupun mandi, cuci, kakus (MCK) yang bukan berasal dari ledeng, keluarga yang tidak mempunyai jamban, ibu yang masih jarang mencuci tangan setelah membersihkan kotoran bayi ataupun setelah buang air besar, meminum dan memakan makanan yang tidak dimasak, dan sampah yang dibuang ke lingkungan. Penyakit Infeksi saluran pernapasan atas (ISPA), pneumonia, dan tuberkulosis paru pada bayi/anak kemungkinan disebabkan media tercemar masuk ke sistem pernapasan melalui sampah yang dibakar, membawa (menggendong) anak sewaktu memasak, merokok di dalam rumah berdekatan dengan bayi/anak, menggunakan obat nyamuk bakar, penderita tuberkulosis paru meludah dan membuang dahak di sembarang tempat dan penderita tidur bersama anggota keluarga yang lain. Penyakit tular vektor pada bayi/anak (malaria) kemungkinan disebabkan upaya pen-cegahan gigitan nyamuk dengan repellent kurang efektif dan penggunaan kelambu masih rendah.In 2009 a descriptive study conducted in the subdistrict Jatibarang and Kedokan Bunder to determine the factors of environmental sanitation, infectious disease in baby/child, and mother’s behavior. Data were collect-ed using questionnaires which respondents are 401 housewives who have a baby/child. Occurrence of diarrhea disease in baby/child because of the possibility of contaminated media through the digestive system by water for drinking and toilets which do not originate from the piping network, families who do not have own toilet, mothers who still seldom washing hands after cleaning the baby’s stool or after a bowel movement, drinking and eating food that is not cooked and throw trash to the environment. Occurrence of respiratory diseases, pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis in baby/child possibly because the media is polluted through the respiratory system by burning garbage, carrying baby/children while, smoking at home or adjacent with babies/children, the use of mosquito coils, pulmonary tuberkulosis patients spit and throw phlegm in random places and sleeping with other family members. The occurrence of vector borne diseases in baby/child (malaria) because of the possibility of preventing mosquito bites with repellent less effective, the use of mosquito nets still low.
One of SDG's 2030 targets is that households have access to drinking water. The phenomenon is some of community use bottled water/refill as drinking water. The aim of this article are knowing household proportion with improve clean water source and water collecting time that use bottled water/refill drinking water, and relation of clean water source characteristics with using bottle/refill drinking water. Research design is cross sectional. Dependent variable is household drinking water sources type, independents are household clean water source characteristics, and travel time collecting water. Bivariate data analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between the proportion of bottled / refilled water users by households with adequate water sources and households that use inappropriate water sources. The results showed that proportion of households with unimproved drinking water sources, unimproved clean water source and unimproved water collecting time are greater using bottled/refill drinking, each (7,6%) and (26,7%). There are statistic significances relation between household with unimproved drinking water source, unimproved travel time collecting water with using bottled/ relill drinking water (p = 0,000). Also found statistic significances between household with improved drinking water source, unimproved clean water source and unimproved travel time collecting water with using bottled/ relill drinking water (p = 0,000).
Penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan dapat menyebabkan kejadian gizi kurang dan gizi buruk. Penelitian lanjutan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan dengan status gizi balita (0-59 bulan) dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2007. Desain penelitian adalah crosssectional yang bersifat deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh balita 0-59 bulan pada Riskesdas 2007, sedangkan sampel adalah seluruh balita 0-59 bulan pada Riskesdas 2007 dengan ibu yang berusia 15-54 tahun. Kriteria inklusi adalah seluruh rumah tangga Riskesdas 2007 yang mempunyai balita dengan variabel yang lengkap. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi: karakteristik balita (umur, jenis kelamin, berat badan), karakteristik ibu (umur, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan), penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan (penyakit filariasis, demam berdarah dengue, malaria, infeksi saluran pernafasan akut, pneumonia, tuberkulosis paru, campak, tifoid, hepatitis, diare), dan lingkungan rumah tangga balita (kualitas fisik air minum, kualitas tanah, dan pemeliharaan ternak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko status gizi kurang dan status gizi buruk pada balita yang mengalami penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan dan ibu dengan pendidikan SD ke bawah lebih tinggi (OR=2,05) dibandingkan ibu dengan pendidikan perguruan tinggi (OR= 1,12). Sedangkan menurut tempat tinggal diketahui bahwa risiko status gizi kurang dan status gizi buruk pada balita yang mengalami penyakit menular berbasis lingkungan dan bertempat tinggal di perdesaan lebih tinggi (OR=1,25) dibandingkan balita yang tinggal di perkotaan (OR= 1,12). Kata kunci: penyakit menular, lingkungan, status gizi ABSTRACT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMMUNICABLE-DISEASE ENVIRONMENT-BASED AND NUTRITION STATUS OF CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS Communicable disease on the basis of environment may lead to cause several disadvantages results including underweight and severe underweight. This advance analysis of Riskesdas 2007 data is aimed to test the relationship between environmental-based communicable disease and nutrition status among children under five years old (0-59 months). Riskesdas 2007 is the research in all basic health aspects of Indonesian, living in rural and urban all over Indonesia, run by Research and Development Board, Ministry of Health. This cross sectional desain was taken descriptively. The population are all the children aged 0-5 years old in Riskesdas 2007, and samples were those aged 0-5 years old with the mothers aged 15-54 years in Riskesdas 2007. Inclusion criteria is all riskesdas 2007's households who had complete all needed variables. Data analyzed were children under five's characteristics (age, sex, body weight), mothers' characteristics (age, education, and occupation), environmental-based communicable disease, such as filariasis, dengue, malaria, acute respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, pulmonary-tuberculosis, measles, thypoid fever, hepatitis, diarrhea), and households environment where children under five lived (physical quality of drinking water, soil...
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