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Slender reinforced concrete column may fail in material failure or instability failure. Instability failure is a common problem which cannot be analyzed with first-order analysis. So, second-order analysis is required to analyze instability failure of slender RC column. The main objective of this study was to construct uniaxial interaction diagram for slender reinforced concrete column based on nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) software. The key parameters which were studied in this study were eccentricity, slenderness ratio, steel ratio, and shape of the column. Concrete damage plasticity (CDP) was utilized in modeling the concrete. Material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity, effect of cracking, and tension stiffening effect were included in the modeling. The results reveal that, as slenderness ratio increases, the balanced moment also increases, but the corresponding axial load was decreased. However, increasing the amount of steel reinforcement to the column increases the stability of the column and reduces the effect of slenderness ratio. Also, the capacity of square slender RC column is larger than rectangular slender RC column with equivalent cross section. However, the result is close to each other as slenderness ratio increased. Finally, validation was conducted by taking a benchmark experiment, and it shows that FEA result agrees with the experimental by 85.581%.

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The need to develop affordable and durable housing is necessary for both urban and rural dwellers. This study was an attempt to alleviate the building material problem faced in rural dwelling units of these countries by developing nonstructural earthen wall construction material stabilized with enset vegetable fibers. Enset fiber is traditionally harvested from leaves of enset plant as end or byproduct of 'kocho'. To bring this material in to construction industry the researcher studied its properties and strength as reinforcing material. The dry density of FREB decreased for increased fiber content from 0%-5% and minimum dry density of block at fiber 1.5% of the block. For increased fiber content in FREB, water absorption test failed 0%-1% of fiber content and for 1.5%-5% of fiber content, water absorption is high and the standard specification of water absorption found at 1.5% of fiber content block. Compressive strength of FREB in accordance with ASTM C116-90 is difficult and durability of FREB is done using water absorption and other tests; whereas the flexural strength of FREB is increased with increasing amount of fiber in block. That the researcher highly recommend, earthen block reinforced with enset fiber is low cost, simplest, easily shaped during casting, available where enset growing regions, low energy input, durable when casted properly and plastered well and environmental friendly.