This article illustrates the imaging findings of internal hernias, with emphasis placed on the CT findings, especially in transmesenteric, transmesocolic, and retroanastomotic types of internal hernias.

Purpose: The safety, pharmacokinetics, and clinical activity of pazopanib (GW786034), an oral angiogenesis inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and c-Kit, were evaluated in patients with advanced-stage refractory solid tumors. Experimental Design: Patients were enrolled into sequential dose-escalating cohorts (50 mg three times weekly to 2,000 mg once daily and 300-400 mg twice daily). Escalation or deescalation was based on toxicities observed in the preceding dose cohort. Pharmacokinetic and biomarker samples were obtained. Clinical response was assessed every 9 weeks. Results: Sixty-three patients were treated (dose escalation, n = 43; dose expansion, n = 20). Hypertension, diarrhea, hair depigmentation, and nausea were the most frequent drug-related adverse events, the majority of which were of grade 1/2. Hypertension was the most frequent grade 3 adverse event. Four patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities at 50 mg, 800 mg, and 2,000 mgonce daily. A plateauin steady-state exposure was observedat doses of z800 mg once daily.The mean elimination half-life at this dose was 31.1hours. A mean target trough concentration (C 24 ) z15 Ag/mL (34 Amol/L) was achieved at 800 mg once daily.Three patients had partial responses (two confirmed, one unconfirmed), and stable disease of z6 months was observedin 14 patients; clinical benefit was generally observed in patients who received doses of z800 mg once daily or 300 mg twice daily. Conclusion: Pazopanib was generally well tolerated and showed antitumor activity across various tumor types. A monotherapy dose of 800 mg once daily was selected for phase II studies.

Gd-EOB-DTPA allows a comprehensive evaluation of the liver with the acquisition of both dynamic and hepatocyte phase images. This provides potential additional information, especially for the detection and characterization of small liver lesions. However, protocol optimization is necessary for improved image quality and workflow.

Abdominal MR sequence protocols optimized for 1.5-T scanners should not be transferred to 3.0 T without substantial modification. In addition, specific patient groups--for example, large patients with ascites--are not well suited to undergo an abdominal MRI study at 3.0 T.

The mean CV for short- and midterm ADC reproducibility was 14% at abdominal DW imaging. Treatment effects of less than approximately 27% (change in ADC divided by pretreatment ADC) will not be clinically detectable with confidence with one acquisition in a single individual.

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Gd-EOB-DTPA shows promise as a problem-solving tool in the cirrhotic liver because it provides additional information that may be helpful in lesion detection and characterization. Further research is needed to optimize Gd-EOB-DTPA imaging protocols in cirrhosis and develop diagnostic criteria for liver lesions in the cirrhotic liver.