<p>This paper introduces an ultra-high-speed directional transmission line protection scheme based on multi-scale morphological gradient algorithm (MSMGA). The directional protection scheme sets down the rules for determining the fault position in relation to the relaying point. The MSMGA is used to extract the fault-induced transient characteristics contained in the voltage and current signals. The associated signals are formed from these transient characteristics and the polarity of their local modulus maxima allow the discrimination between internal and external faults.</p>
This article presents a fast and accurate fault location approach for power transmission lines based on the theory of traveling waves. In fact, when faults occur, they give rise to transient voltages and currents that propagate at a speed close to that of light along the transmission line as traveling waves. Moreover, according to the superposition theorem, each of these transients is a combination of a steady-state quantity and an incremental quantity. These transient signals measured at both ends of the line are first transformed to the Clarke (0-α-β components) components in order to categorize the type of faults, and then multi-scale morphological gradient filters are used to extract equivalent quantities to the incremental quantities to form what are called characteristic signals. These latter will be used to identify the fault location according to the proposed algorithm.
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