Eleven types of restricted associations and free associations were obtained from 24 chronic schizophrenics and 24 normal control Ss equated for age and education. The associations of schizophrenics were more variable than those of normal Ss, especially on tasks which most restricted the choice of responses. The agreement in responding between normal and schizophrenic 5s was markedly lower when compared with that between high-and low-creative 5s, or with 1-yr., testretest data. The repetition of responses given to the same stimuli under different instructions was markedly higher for schizophrenic than normal 5s, and thus the degree of task and response differentiation was reduced. The restricted associations overlapped with free associations more markedly for schizophrenic than for normal Ss, but the general structure of a conceptual semantic space was about the same for both groups. It was argued that when explicit constraint in tasks of verbal associations is high, schizophrenic 5s (more than normals) impose a low degree of implicit constraint on their verbal behavior; when the external constraint is low, they increase their implicit constraint.

No abstract

Pathways is a public-private partnership in Florida which was developed to test models of housing and support services for Alzheimer clients and their spouses, as well as to provide care in a home-like setting for those seeking a residential placement. It attempts to change the nearly inevitable choice of nursing home placement to a broader choice with the opportunity for couples to remain together in environments that meet the needs for safety, security, privacy and companionship. Guiding principles for the program were developed by interdisciplinary consensus.