The current study presents a parasitological survey of larval nematodes from freshwater ornamental fish Iguanodectes spilurus caught in the watercourse of the Caete River, in the northeast region of the State of Para, Brazil. A total of 176 specimens, 1.36±0.75 g weight and 5.53±0.98 cm total length, were analyzed. Nematode larvae were identified as Capillaria sp., Procamallanus sp. and Anisakidae, with prevalence of 70.45% and infection intensity ranging from 1.81 to 4.70 larvae. The highest prevalence 57.38% occurred in the liver, but no seasonality was observed, indicating high infection throughout the year. Seasonality was observed in fish parasitized in the stomach, intestine and caecum, with prevalence and mean intensity of 17.61% and 2.32 parasites, 12.5% and 1.81 parasites, 10.79% and 2.21 parasites, respectively. The highest degree of infection was observed in the rainy season, probably due to increased availability of intermediate hosts or food. KEYWORDS: Characidae, Parasitology, Seasonality, River. Sazonalidade de larvas de nematóide em Iguanodectes spilurus (Characidae) um peixe ornamental no nordeste do Pará, Brasil RESUMOO presente estudo apresenta um levantamento parasitológico de larvas de nematóides de Iguanodectes spilurus capturados no fluxo do Rio Caeté, nordeste do Pará, Brasil. Um total de 176 espécimes com médias de 1,36 ± 0,75 g de peso e 5,53 ± 0,98 cm de comprimento total foram analisados. Foram identificados em 124 peixes os nematóides Capillaria sp., Procamallanus sp. e da família Anisakidae, apresentaram uma prevalência de 70,45% e intensidade de infecção de 1,81 a 4,70 larvas. A maior prevalência foi de 57,38% no fígado, mas não foi observada sazonalidade, indicando alta potência de infecção ao longo do ano. A sazonalidade foi observada em peixes parasitados no intestino, estômago e ceco com prevalência e intensidade média de 17,61% e 2,32 parasitas, 12,5% e 1,81 parasitas, 10,79% e 2,21 parasitas, respectivamente. A maior infecção foi encontrada na estação chuvosa, provavelmente devido ao aumento da disponibilidade de hospedeiros intermediários ou de alimentos.
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