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Presentamos información sobre la riqueza, distribución e investigación mastozoológica en el departamento de Putumayo. Un total de 154 especies distribuidas en 13 órdenes y 37 familias son registradas para el departamento. Chiroptera, Rodentia, Carnivora y Primates fueron los órdenes más diversos con 66, 24, 19 y 15 especies con 136, mientras que la eco-región con mayor riqueza fue la Selva Húmeda del Napo con 131 especies. El municipio con mayor número de especies registradas fue Puerto Leguízamo con 100. Resaltamos la ausencia de estudios regionales y el escaso conocimiento generado en este sector de Colombia.Palabras clave: colectores, distribución, historia, mamíferos, riqueza. ABSTRACTWe present information regarding to the richness, distribution and mammalogical research in the Department of Putumayo. A total of 154 species of 13 orders and 37 families were registered in the Department. Chiroptera, Rodentia, Carnivora and Primates were the most diverse orders with 66, 24, 19 and 15 species. The Alto Putumayo biogeographic District presents the highest richness with 136 species, while the Napo Humid Forest was the richest Ecoregion with 131 species. Puerto Leguízamo was the Municipality with the highest number of species with 100. We highlighted the absence of regional studies and the poor knowledge associated to mammals, generated in this sector of Colombia.

In Colombia, shrews (Cryptotis) are represented by seven species associated with Andean, high Andean, and Paramo ecosystems of the three national Cordilleras. Of these species, five are endemic to the Andean region of the country. Despite representing the group of mammals with the highest rate of endemic species, the knowledge currently available on aspects such as natural history, distribution, and ecology is limited. This work assesses the current state of knowledge of the shrews of Colombia, discusses taxonomic issues, risks and threats related to conservation, and identifies research needs and priorities. We compile the information on shrews of Colombia available in the literature and databases. We include two of the known species of the country and one to be determined within a phylogenetic context. In general, the knowledge of the shrews of Colombia reveals the lack of ecological and genetic studies. There are unsolved taxonomic questions about the presence of certain species in the different mountain ranges of the country. There is an urgent need to generate molecular information to clarify the richness of the genus in Colombia which, according to our observations, has been underestimated. The knowledge about the shrews of Colombia is still scarce, even when some species were first described more than a hundred years ago. The need to conduct systematic studies and comprehensive morphological descriptions to clarify the richness of the shrews of Colombia is highlighted.En Colombia, las musarañas (Cryptotis), están representadas por siete especies asociadas a ecosistemas andinos, altoandinos y paramunos de las tres cordilleras nacionales. De estas especies, cinco son endémicas de la región andina del país. A pesar de representar el grupo de mamíferos con mayor porcentaje de especies endémicas, el conocimiento que tenemos sobre aspectos como historia natural, distribución y ecología, es casi nulo. Este trabajo evalúa el estado actual de conocimiento de las musarañas de Colombia, discute problemas taxonómicos, riesgos y amenazas para su conservación e identifica necesidades y prioridades de investigación. Compilamos la información disponible en literatura y bases de datos sobre las musarañas de Colombia. Ubicamos a 2 de las especies conocidas en el país y una por determinar en un contexto filogenético. La tendencia general en el conocimiento de las musarañas de Colombia es hacia la ausencia de estudios ecológicos y genéticos. Además, aún persisten dudas taxonómicas con respecto a la presencia de ciertas especies en las diferentes cordilleras del país. Existe una necesidad urgente de generar información molecular para clarificar la riqueza real del género en Colombia que, de acuerdo con nuestras observaciones, ha sido subestimada. El conocimiento sobre las musarañas de Colombia es aún precario, a pesar de que algunas especies fueron descritas hace más de cien años. Se resalta la necesidad de generar estudios sistemáticos y de profundizar en descripciones morfológicas más completas que permitan clarificar la riq...

The Colombian weasel Mustela felipei is considered the rarest Neotropical carnivore only known from four localities in Colombia and one in Ecuador. It is considered Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List along its distributional range. We present an unexpected photographic record of a living specimen from Colombia that shed lights on its distribution on the Western Cordillera of Colombia, where it was previously known from single a record obtained on 1986. This is the first confirmed record of the Colombian weasel during the 21 st century. Finally, we discuss the species' occurrence in protected areas of Colombia, to provide tools for the conservation of this rare species.La comadreja colombiana Mustela felipei es considerada el carnívoro neotropical más raro, solo conocida de cuatro localidades en Colombia y una en Ecuador. Se considera Vulnerable en la Lista Roja de la UICN a lo largo de su rango de distribución. Presentamos un registro fotográfico inesperado de un espécimen vivo de Colombia que arrojó luces sobre su distribución en la cordillera Occidental de Colombia, donde anteriormente se conocía de un solo registro obtenido en 1986. Este es el primer registro confirmado de la comadreja colombiana durante el siglo 21. Finalmente, discutimos la ocurrencia de la especie en áreas protegidas de Colombia, para proporcionar herramientas para la conservación de esta especie rara.

The Nearctic region is located on the North American plate. However, its tectonic history is related to convergence with other plates, which has promoted a complex topography. This complexity should be reflected by the distributional patterns of the biota. We used track analysis with 574 species of mammals to identify generalized tracks and panbiogeographic nodes in the Nearctic region and to propose an updated point of view of complex areas and their boundaries in North America. Seven generalized tracks with nested patterns (California, Columbia Plateau, Mesoamerican, Mexican Plateau, Neotropic, Southern Rocky Mountains, and Western Coast of USA) were identified using a parsimony analysis of endemicity with progressive character elimination. Nine panbiogeographic nodes were identified at the intersections of the generalized tracks, all of which were located in the Sierra of Chiapas and Central America physical features. A total of 192 nodes were identified for the nested patterns, located in only eight physical features. Our analysis revealed evolutionary patterns in generalized tracks, and the panbiogeographic nodes predicted areas with high evolutionary–geologic complexity, shared by other taxonomic groups.

Estimates of species' ranges can inform many aspects of biodiversity research and conservationmanagement decisions. Many practical applications need high-precision range estimates that are sufficiently reliable to use as input data in downstream applications. One solution has involved expert-generated maps that reflect on-the-ground field information and implicitly capture various processes that may limit a species' geographic distribution. However, expert maps are often subjective and rarely reproducible. In contrast, species distribution models (SDMs) typically have finer resolution and are reproducible because of explicit links to data. Yet, SDMs can have higher uncertainty when data are sparse, which is an issue for most species. Also, SDMs often capture only a subset of the factors that determine species distributions (e.g., climate) and hence can require significant post-processing to better estimate species' current realized distributions. Here, we demonstrate how expert knowledge, diverse data types, and SDMs can be used together in a transparent and reproducible modeling workflow. Specifically, we show how expert knowledge regarding species' habitat use, elevation, biotic interactions, and environmental tolerances can be used to make and refine range estimates using SDMs and various data sources, including high-resolution remotely sensed products. This range-refinement approach is primed to use various data sources, including many with continuously improving spatial or temporal resolution. To facilitate such analyses, we compile a comprehensive suite of tools in a new R package, maskRangeR, and provide worked examples. These tools can facilitate a wide variety of basic and applied research that requires high-resolution maps of species' current ranges, including quantifications of biodiversity and its change over time.