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RESUMO-O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a divergência genética entre 25 genótipos de mangaba da região de Iramaia-Chapada Diamantina-Bahia, utilizando os marcadores morfológicos e os marcadores RAPD. As seguintes aferições foram realizadas nos frutos maduros: diâmetro longitudinal (DL) e transversal (DT), massas do fruto (MF), da semente (MS) e da polpa (MP), rendimento de polpa (%P) e a contagem do número de sementes (NS). Os caracteres químicos avaliados no fruto maduro foram: pH, acidez (Ac), sólidos solúveis totais (SST), ácido ascórbico (AA), açúcar total (ACT) açúcar redutor (ACR), açúcar não redutor (ACNR) e relação sólidos solúveis totais: acidez (SST/Ac). MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MANGABA GENOTYPESABSTRACT-The objective was to assess the genetic diversity among 25 Mangaba genotypes in the Iramaia-Chapada Diamantina region, Bahia, using morphological markers and RAPD markers. The following measurements were performed in mature fruits: longitudinal (LD) and transverse (TD) diameter, fruit (FM), seed (SM) and the pulp (PM) mass, pulp yield (% P) and the count seed number (SN). The chemical characters were evaluated in mature fruit: pH, acidity (Ac), total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid (AA), total sugar (TS) reducing sugar (RS), non-reducing sugar (NRS) and total soluble solids /acidity (TSS/Ac). For amplification were tested 51 random primers. ). Eight random primers were selected for having more intense bands and six (OPA 08, OPB 12, OPB 19, OPH 15, OPH 18, OPH 19) were sufficient to generate 28 polymorphic bands. Among the morphological markers, FM and PM were the most effectively contributed to divergence. The formation of six and seven groups for molecular markers and morphological, respectively, indicated the presence of genetic variability in the population. .

RESUMOEste trabalho objetivou avaliar a divergência genética entre genótipos de feijão-caupi, visando à seleção dos mais divergentes e de maior potencial produtivo para indicar como genitores em cruzamentos genéticos para futura recomendação de cultivares aos agricultores do Recôncavo Baiano. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos na Escola de Agronomia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Cruz das Almas (BA), utilizando-se 22 genótipos do tipo prostrado e 20 do tipo semi-ereto, dispostos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram analisados os caracteres altura da planta, comprimento de vagem, massa de vagens, massa de grãos por vagem, número de grãos por vagem, massa de cem grãos, índice de grãos, produtividade de vagem e de grãos. A divergência genética foi obtida através da distância generalizada de Mahalanobis. Novas combinações gênicas promissoras podem surgir nos cruzamentos entre os genótipos TE97-309G-1, TE97-367G-3, TE97-367G-11 e TE97-430G-12 do tipo prostrado e TE97-321G-4 e TE97-404-1E-1 do tipo semi-ereto. A seleção dos genótipos TE93-244-23F-1, TE97-299G-10 e BR 17-Gurguéia tipo prostrado e os genótipos TE97-321G-4, TE97-406-2E, TE96-282-22G e EV x 91-2E-1 tipo semi-ereto demonstram superioridade para a produtividade de grãos. Os caracteres comprimento de vagem, massa de grãos por vagem e produtividade de vagens são os que mais contribuem para a divergência genética.Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata, dissimilaridade, variabilidade genética, seleção. ABSTRACT GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG COWPEAThis work aimed to evaluate the genetic divergence among cowpea genotypes, for selection of most divergent genotypes and of highest yield potential as parents in crossings as well as for future recommendation of cultivars in the reconcave region in Bahia, Brazil. The experiment was carried out Agronomy School of Universidade Federal da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, State of Bahia, using twenty two erect cowpea and twenty semi-erect cowpea genotypes, in a randomized design, with four replications. The following characters were analyzed: plant height, pod length, pod weight, grain weight for pod, number of grains for pod, weight of hundred grains, grain index, pod yield and grain yield. The genetic divergence was obtained by means of the Mahalanobis generalized distance. New genetic combinations can appear in the crossings among the TE97-309G-1, TE97-367G-3, TE97-367G-11 climbing genotype and TE97-430G-12 and TE97-321G-4 and TE97-404-1E-1 semi-erect genotypes. The selection of the climbing genotypes TE93-244-23F-1, TE97-299G-10 and BR 17-Gurguéia and the TE97-321G-4, TE97-406-2E, TE96-282-22G and EV x 91-2E-1 semi-erect genotypes demonstrated superiority for grain yield. Pod length, weight and yield characters are ones that contribute most to the genetic divergence.

The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia gracilis genotypes, in the dry and rainy seasons, and with and without irrigation. The extraction of essential oil was realized by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition analysis was performed using a GC-MS/FID. The leaves of the L. gracilis genotypes provide essential oil with content between 1.25% and 1.92% in the rainy season and 1.42% and 2.70% in the dry season; when irrigation was used the content was between 1.42% and 2.87%, without irrigation contents were between 1.60% and 3.00%. The chemical composition of L. gracilis showed high levels of terpenes. The major constituent of genotypes LGRA-106 was thymol and carvacrol was the major constituent for the other genotypes. Concentrations showed little variation between seasons, demonstrating the stability of the chemical composition of L. gracilis even with different climatic conditions.