Objective: The avoidance of pressure ulcers development in critically ill patients is a major nursing challenge. Prevention is thus relevant for assurance of high quality care. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the Braden scale in intensive care unit patients. Methods: This was a prospective study based which evaluated all adult patients staying in the intensive care unit from July 14 to August 10, 2009. The data were collected using the Braden's scale by three examiners who identified the pressure ulcer development risk. The data were analyzed using the SAS Statistical Software. For determination of the examiners' rates degree of coincidence, the Kappa value was used (95%CI). Results: Regarding the related risk factors: 36.4% had mild sensory perception impairment; 50.9% had occasionally moist skin; 97.3% bedfast; 39.1% had very limited mobility; 45% probably had inappropriate nutrition; 61.8% had friction and shear problems. An agreement between the examiners was identified for nutrition and physical activity (38.1% to 100.0%); the Kappa population zero hypothesis was rejected; a paired examiners agreement (41.7% to 100.0%) was identified for the items humidity and physical activity, and the Kappa values ranged from 0.13 to 1. Conclusions: These intensive care patients were identified to have increased risk of developing pressure ulcers. This tool was considered appropriate to support the implementation of preventive measures.
Objective: to report the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of adolescent victims of violence due to external causes hospitalized in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of a hospital in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Method: this is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a prospective design and a quantitative approach. The population was patients admitted to the adult, pediatric, and burn injury ICUs, being the sample composed of 31 victims of violence due to external causes who are between 10 and 19 years old. The data collection technique was a structured interview, and the tool used for this was a questionnaire filled in by the researcher after the approval by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital da Restauracão (Sisnep Protocol - CAAE 0005.0.102.000-09). The data were analyzed through the software Epi-Info 3.5 and presented in figures. Results: thermal burn was the most found external cause, with 38.14%; cranioencephalic trauma, with 23.53%, was the most common secondary diagnosis; and the electrolyte disorders represented 37.04% of the complications found. Conclusion: the profile observed was similar to Brazilian studies that show that external causes constitute an important cause of morbidity among adolescents. Descriptors: violence; adolescents; intensive care unit; external causes; epidemiology.RESUMOObjetivo: relatar as características clínicas e epidemiológicas de adolescentes vítimas de violência por causas externas internados nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs) de um hospital na cidade do Recife-PE. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo, de caráter prospectivo com abordagem quantitativa. A população foi de pacientes admitidos nas UTIs adulta, pediátrica e de queimados, sendo que a amostra foi de 31 vitimas de violência por causas externas com idades entre 10 e 19 anos. A técnica de coleta dos dados foi uma entrevista estruturada, e o instrumento utilizado foi um questionário preenchido pelo pesquisador após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética do Hospital da Restauração (Protocolo do Sisnep= CAAE 0005.0.102.000-09). Os dados foram analisados por meio do software Epi-Info 3.5 e apresentados em figuras. Resultados: a queimadura térmica foi a causa externa mais encontrada, com 38,14%; o trauma cranioencefálico, com 23,53%, foi o diagnóstico secundário mais encontrado; e os distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos representaram 37,04% das ocorrências de complicações. Conclusão: o perfil encontrado foi semelhante a estudos brasileiros que comprovam que as causas externas se constituem em importante causa de morbidade entre adolescentes. Descritores: violência; adolescentes; unidade de terapia intensiva; causas externas; epidemiologia.RESUMENObjetivo: presentar los estudios epidemiológicos y clínicos de adolescentes víctimas de la violencia por causas externas internados en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCIs) de un hospital en la ciudad de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, de carácter prospectivo con abordaje cuantitativa. La población fue de pacientes ingresados en las UCIs adulta, pediátrica y de quemaduras y la muestra estuvo conformada por 31 víctimas de la violencia por causas externas con edades entre 10 y 19 años. La técnica de recolección de datos fue una entrevista estructurada, y el instrumento utilizado fue un cuestionario rellenado por el investigador después de su aprobación por el Comité de Ética del Hospital da Restauração (Protocolo del Sisnep = CAAE 0005.0.102.000-09). Los datos fueron analizados usando el software Epi-Info 3.5 y presentados en figuras. Resultados: la quemadura térmica fue la causa externa más encontrada, con 38,14%; el traumatismo craneoencefálico, con 23.53%, fue el diagnóstico secundario más encontrado; y los trastornos electrolíticos representan 37,04% de las ocurrencias de complicaciones. Conclusión: el perfil fue similar a los estudios de Brasil que muestran que las causas externas constituyen una importante causa de morbilidad entre los adolescentes. Descriptores: violencia; adolescentes; unidad de cuidados intensivos; causas externas; epidemiología.
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