Hedyotis scandens Roxb. (Family Rubiaceae) is used as a medicinal plant in many communities including Mizoram, northeast India. However, there is little evidence of its therapeutic potential, and scientific proof of its antioxidant capacity is not available to our knowledge and hence, the present study aims to explore the phytoconstituents and curative property of Hedyotis scandens Roxb methanolic leaf extract. Free radical scavenging activity was carried out in vitro. In a concentration-dependent manner, the Hedyotis scandens methanolic leaf extract suppressed the production of ABTS, DPPH and Nitric oxide. The IC50 for DPPH was 35.7±0.14µg/ml, for ABTS it was 50.03±0.12µg/ml and for Nitric oxide the IC50 was 83.61±0.2µg/ml. The presence of compounds such as alkaloid, tannin, flavonoid, and carbohydrate was revealed by phytochemical screening of the plant extract. The total phenolic content was 27.17±0.27 GAE mg/g whereas the total flavonoid content was 29.92±0.3 QE mg/g. The total antioxidant potential of the plant was found to be 98.03±0.14 AE mg/g. Concentration-dependent reducing activity against potassium ferricyanide was seen in the ferric reducing power assay. Antibacterial activity was conducted with two assays and the plant extract showed highest activity against Micrococcus luteus with an inhibition zone of 11.3±0.3mm for 10mg/ml and 15.3±0.3mm for 20mg/ml followed by Escherichia coli at 8.3±0.3mm for 10mg/ml and 10.6±0.3mm, Bacillus subtilis with inhibition zone of 7.3±0.3mm for 10mg/ml and 10.3±0.3mm for 20mg/ml. However, the plant extract did not have any activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Tacca chantrieri is a monotypic perennial plant belonging to the family Taccaceae. It is listed as an endangered species by different authors. The plant was found in Thorangtlang Wildlife Sanctuary, a protected area in Lunglei District, Mizoram. Although there is a record of its existence from the forests of Mizoram, there are no detailed studies based on morphology, partial or whole genome sequencing. Plant samples collected from Thorangtlang Wildlife Sanctuary were used for morphological assessment and partial genome sequencing of matK and rbcL genes. This study provides information useful in making conservation decisions.
Sustainable management of crop plantations to sequester more carbon is a timely strategy to reduce greenhouse gases, as these have been considered to be potent measures for mitigation of climate change. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a proven carbon-sequestering perennial crop by biological means, aiding in the mitigation of global warming and climatic fluctuations. The present study was carried out in Serchhip, Mizoram, India from 5th February to 30th March 2021. All major palm plantation sites located within Serchhip were determined in the study. The carbon store was determined from sample plants of three, six, eight, and ten years. This research adopts a destructive approach to estimate the amount of carbon storage. The investigator surveyed the number of trees and the age of the palm trees with the help of farmers. The results indicates that the trunk stores the largest amount of carbon when compared with other plant parts. However, in a three-year plantation, the fronds store more carbon than the trunk. The study reveals that the amount of carbon sequestered by four, six, eight, and ten-year palm trees were 0.045 t, 0.098 t, 0.276 t and 0.539 t respectively. The total sample surveyed was 1015 standing trees from eight locations, and the carbon stock potential accounting all plantations site within Serchhip was estimated to be 345.1 t/yr. Recently, many farmers are planning of giving up oil palm farming and are likely to replace their oil palm fields with other crops. Uprooting, slashing, and burning is the common practice adopted to clear palm trees, which is believed detrimentally to emit tonnes of carbon into the atmosphere. Therefore, the study will be very helpful in decision-making and, consequently selecting a wiser choice for climate change mitigation within Serchhip and, to a larger extent, Mizoram.
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