Introduction Marked intolerance or intrusive re-experiencing of ordinary sensory stimuli that in turn drive functionally impairing compulsive behaviors are occasionally seen in young children with OCD. Methods We describe a number of children with DSM-IV OCD ascertained from a family genetic study of pediatric OCD, whose intolerance of ordinary sensory stimuli created significant subjective distress and time-consuming ritualistic behavior that was clinically impairing. Results In each case, these sensory symptoms were the primary presenting symptoms and were experienced in the absence of intrusive thoughts, images, or ideas associated with “conventional” OCD symptoms. Conclusions These symptoms suggest abnormalities in sensory processing and integration in at least a subset of OCD patients. Recognition of these sensory symptoms and sensory-driven behaviors as part of the broad phenotypic variation in children with OCD could help clinicians more easily identify OCD patients and facilitate treatment.

In leadership, we see morality and immorality magnified, which is why the study of ethics is fundamental to the study of leadership" (Ciulla, 2012, p. 508). The financial crisis and the many corporate scandals that rocked the first decades of the new millennium have placed an unequivocal emphasis on the frailty of a modern and global economic system that is characterized by the short-sightedness of profit at-all-costs (Nielsen, 2010) together with a lack of moral integrity among financial agents (Santoro & Strauss, 2012) and business leaders (Antonacopoulou & Bento, 2018; Crossan et al., 2017). This system might also be the product of managerial education (Akrivou & Bradbury-Huang, 2015; Podolny, 2009), which has a tendency to set apart and tolerate actions performed in a company setting that would be considered deplorable in the normal behavioral sphere (Haran, 2013). Many business schools prepare their students for leadership roles with an uncritical or narrow pursuit of managerial technique, looking to the natural sciences to explain certain organizational

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Childhood maltreatment is a significant public health issue that has been linked to a myriad of negative health consequences. To further elucidate the mechanisms of this link, the present study examined maladaptive cognitions (i.e., posttraumatic cognitions related to the self and world) and mental health sequelae among a sample of young adults. Participants were 287 undergraduate students (ages 18-29 years) who completed self-report questionnaires assessing childhood maltreatment, posttraumatic cognitions, and current mental health functioning. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings support childhood maltreatment as an important risk factor for long-term mental health difficulties. Importantly, posttraumatic cognitions were supported as mediators in this relationship and may be useful points of intervention to mitigate mental health concerns in adulthood.

Individuals with previous histories of trauma are at increased risk for subsequent victimization and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety disorders. Attentional biases to threat-related stimuli are thought to impact one's ability to recognize future risk in his or her environment and may explain high rates of revictimization. Although the literature has identified three possible types of attentional biases among victims of trauma (i.e., interference, facilitation, and avoidance), findings are mixed. The current study examined attentional biases to threats among a sample of men and women with no, some, and multiple incident interpersonal and non-interpersonal trauma histories. It was hypothesized that those with multiple incident interpersonal trauma histories would demonstrate an interference effect (i.e., slower response times to threat-related words). Participants (N = 309) were 18- to 29-year-old college students. Self-report measures assessed trauma history, posttraumatic stress, and other psychological sequelae. Attentional biases were assessed using a dot probe computer task. Contrary to hypotheses, no significant differences in response times in the presence of threat-related words or neutral words were found among groups. Results suggest that multiple traumatized individuals do not exhibit attentional bias to threats compared to individuals with some or no trauma.