BackgroundDespite advances in the management of sudden cardiac arrest, mortality for patients admitted to hospital is still greater than 50 %. Lack of familiarity and experience with post-cardiac arrest patients and lack of interdisciplinary collaboration between emergency and ICU staff have been highlighted as potential barriers to optimal care. To address these barriers, a specialized Post Arrest Consult Team (PACT) was implemented at two urban academic centers.Our objective was to describe the PACT implementation from the participant perspective in order to explore potentially mitigating factors on effectiveness of the intervention and inform other institutions who may be considering a similar approach.MethodsUsing an ethnographic style approach, we collected data throughout the implementation period using both key informant interviews and non-participant observation. The data were analyzed using interpretive descriptive analysis techniques.ResultsThe PACT intervention was taken up differently in each of the two participating institutions. Participants spoke about the difficulty in maintaining a dynamic interaction between the team members and a shared sense of purpose, the challenge of off-service consulting and the impact of the lack of data feedback to support whether the project was effecting change.ConclusionsIt appears that purposefully creating a “sense of team,” the team composition and organizational culture and provision of performance feedback are important facilitators to ensuring uptake of a team-based intervention like the PACT model. Reporting of the intervention design and actual implementation experience like we have done here is crucial to allow readers to judge the quality of the study, to properly replicate it, and to contemplate how various factors may influence the outcome of a complex intervention.
Introduction The population of people living with HIV (PLWH) is ageing consequent to effective treatment and a steady stream of new diagnoses among older adults. PLWH experience a greater burden of age‐related comorbidities and poorer social determinants of health compared to their HIV‐negative peers, yet comprehensive requisites for care and support as PLWH age remain poorly understood. Preferences And Needs for Ageing Care among HIV‐positive Elderly people in Ontario, Canada (PANACHE ON), explored the health and community care and social support needs and preferences of a diverse group of older PLWH (age 60+) and described life course experiences among older PLWH that shape these needs and preferences and whether they are met. Methods PANACHE ON was a qualitative community‐based participatory research study. In‐person focus groups using a semi‐structured interview guide were co‐facilitated by pairs of trained older PLWH from July to October 2019. Purposive sampling bolstered the inclusion of communities disproportionately affected by HIV in Ontario. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize demographic data; participatory data analysis was conducted by a subset of the research team, with transcripts double‐coded and analysed using NVIVO 12 Plus. Results A total of 73 PLWH participated, 66% identified as men. The mean age was 64 years (range 55–77) and median time living with HIV was 23 years (range 2–37). The current and anticipated needs of older PLWH, many of which were only partially met, included necessities such as food and housing, mobility and sensory aids, in‐home support, social and emotional support, transportation and information. Three experiences—trauma, stigma and uncertainty—intersected in the lives of many of our participants, shaping their needs for care and support, and impacting the ease with which these needs were met. Conclusions Unmet health and social needs and limited control over the availability and accessibility of ageing‐related care and support due to resource constraints or reduced capacity for self‐advocacy results in anxiety about the future among older PLWH, despite their well‐developed coping strategies and experience navigating systems of care. These study findings will inform the development of the first national needs assessment of older PLWH in Canada.
Implementation of a Post-Arrest Consult Team reduced premature withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy but did not improve rates of successful targeted temperature management, coronary angiography, formal electrophysiology assessments, or functional survival for comatose patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to map the evidence on clinical tools to assess functional capacity prior to elective non-cardiac surgery. Introduction: Functional capacity is a strong prognostic indicator before surgery, which can be used to identify patients at elevated risk of postoperative complications, yet, there is no consensus on which clinical tools should be used to assess functional capacity in patients prior to non-cardiac surgery. Inclusion criteria: This review will consider any randomized or non-randomized studies that evaluate the performance of a functional capacity assessment tool in adults (≥18 years) prior to non-cardiac surgery. For studies to be included, the tool must be used clinically for risk stratification. We will exclude studies on lung and liver transplant surgery, as well as ambulatory procedures performed under local anesthesia. Methods: The review will be conducted in line with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. A peer-reviewed search strategy will be used to query relevant databases (ie, MEDLINE, Embase, EBM Reviews). Additional sources of evidence will include databases of non-peer-reviewed literature and the reference lists of included studies. Two independent reviewers will identify eligible studies in 2 stages: stage 1, based on titles and abstracts; and stage 2, based on full texts. Information on study details, measurement properties, pragmatic qualities, and/or clinical utility metrics will be charted in duplicate onto standardized data collection forms. The results will be presented using descriptive summaries, frequency tables, and visual plots that highlight the extent of evidence and remaining gaps in the validation process of each tool. Review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/6nfht
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