The concentration of calorie reduction among 20.4% of patrons means that each calorie-reducing patron ordered about 75 fewer calories than they did before labeling. Thus, providing nutrition information on restaurant menus may encourage a subset of restaurant patrons to significantly alter their food choices.

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In 2007, Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department launched a restaurant menu labeling project called SmartMenu. The objective was to recruit locally owned restaurants to voluntarily post basic nutrition information on their menus or menu boards. Participating restaurants submitted recipes to an independent contractor for nutritional analysis and agreed to post calorie, fat, carbohydrate, and sodium values on new menus within 90 days of receiving results. Vigorous recruitment efforts by the Health Department between June 2007 and September 2008 included free advertising, consultation with a Registered Dietitian, and free nutritional analysis. By the end of 2008, a total of 24 restaurants participated in the program. Significant barriers to participation included infrequent use of standardized recipes, perceived business risk of labeling, and low perceived customer demand for nutrition information. Key program elements, recruitment strategies, and costs are discussed. Results have important implications for future efforts to increase the adoption of menu labeling by locally owned and operated restaurants.

The objective of this study was to define the prevalence of the female athlete triad, i.e., the simultaneous occurrence of disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis, in military women. A total of 423 active duty female soldiers participated in a three-part prospective, cross-sectional study. Part 1 entailed completing the Eating Disorder Inventory and a clinical interview with those women "at risk" for an eating disorder. Part 2 consisted of a clinical evaluation and laboratory studies of any woman with menstrual irregularities. Part 3 evaluated the bone mineral density of all women meeting the inclusion criteria for parts 1 and 2 using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Of the 423 active duty women who participated in the study, no subject exhibited the full female athlete triad. Thirty-three women (8%) had an eating disorder and 109 women (26%) were at risk for an eating disorder. Our results suggest that the female athlete triad is not a clinically significant problem for the Army.

Recent evidence has shown that 1- and 2-month-old infants localize a peripheral target by means of a series of saccades. Step size in a series was directly related to target distance, but within a localizing series did not vary appreciably as the line of sight approached the target. The current study examined whether, during localization of a peripheral target, step size and number of steps were determined prior to the first saccade in a localizing series. 2-month-olds viewed peripheral targets which either remained on (continuous condition) or were extinguished (interrupted condition) prior to target localization. It was found that on the majority of trials a series of saccades was made toward the target hemifield. In both conditions the size of each saccade in a multiple saccadic series was approximately equal within a given trial, but varied with initial target distance. Multiple saccades on both continuous and interrupted trials were similar in form, differing only in the total extent of eye rotation. This suggests that a similar oculomotor program was operating under both conditions.

Washington State has some of the highest percentages of school immunization exemptions in the country. We compared school immunization records in a rural school district in Pierce County, Washington, to immunization records in the state immunization information system (IIS) and parent-held records. Correcting school immunization records resulted in an increase in the number of students classified as fully immunized from 1,189 to 1,564 (p < .0001). We conducted school-based immunization clinics that increased the number of fully immunized students to 1,624 (p = .013). Immunized students with certificates of exemption on file suggest exemptions of convenience. Strategies to improve school immunization services include assigning IIS access to school administrative staff and educating school staff and parents on the importance of immunization.