We examine proton-damaged charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and compare the charge transfer efficiency (CTE) degradation using extended pixel edge response, first pixel response, and 55 Fe X-ray measurements. CTEs measured on Marconi and Fairchild imaging sensors CCDs degrade similarly at all signal levels, though some of the Fairchild CCDs had a supplementary buried channel.
College drinking is a problem with severe academic, health, and safety consequences. The underlying social processes that lead to increased drinking activity are not well understood. Social Norms Theory is an approach to analysis and intervention based on the notion that students’ misperceptions about the drinking culture on campus lead to increases in alcohol use. In this paper we develop an agent-based simulation model, implemented in MATLAB, to examine college drinking. Students’ drinking behaviors are governed by their identity (and how others perceive it) as well as peer influences, as they interact in small groups over the course of a drinking event. Our simulation results provide some insight into the potential effectiveness of interventions such as social norms marketing campaigns.
Simulations suggest that reducing misperception can reduce HED. When agents adhere strongly to identity verification and when misperceptions affect identity appraisals, social norms campaigns can bring about large reductions. PI, self-monitoring, and socializing with like-drinking peers appear to moderate the effect.
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