This article is an attempt at showing the ways of functioning of selected phrases in the language of young people. This analysis covers student’s interpretations of somatisms with the EYE component (to pull the wool over somebody’s eyes, eyeball to eyeball, to have blinders on, to be the apple of somebody’s eye, somebody’s eyes popped). With the use of the principles of cognitive grammar, semantic structures of these phrases have been constructed. Dictionary definitions are the starting point for the assessment of the ways of understanding the meaning. Owing to the semantic analysis, the following interpretations of meanings have been specified: concretizations, generalizations, asemantizations, dephraseologizations, defining one phrase with the use of another one (not always semantically identical).
The article attempts to characterize a semantic field of expressions denoting a fool. On the basis of dictionary material excerpted from Nowy słownik gwary uczniowskiej (New Dictionary of School Pupils Jargon) edited by H. Zgolkowa, the most frequently occurring mechanisms have been presented such as appelativization, animization or reification (fallacy) as well as transfer of names from other categories, e.g. animals, plants or doers of an action. What is more, the most frequent dictionary explications of the discussed appellative names and their syntactic schemes have been presented.
The article is an attempt at creating a man’s image on the basis of verboriented comparisons with a zoonimic component. Comparative constructions selected from Mirosław Bańka’s Słownik porównań [Dictionary of Comparisons] show a man in comparison to various animals. Similarities refer not only to personal qualities but, most of all, to man’s conduct. A negative evaluation of animals is simultaneously rendered into man’s negative profile.
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