AbstrAct:In chick hatcheries, males of laying hybrids are considered to be "waste" and the majority of these males are killed just after hatching. On the other hand, the interest of consumers in products from alternative systems (organic, free-range) is increasing. The idea was to evaluate the meat quality of these males when they have access to free range because there is not such a study available. The aim of this study was to compare the physical and sensory quality of the meat of layer males with fast-growing broilers at the same age when they had both access to free range and when they were fed to 49 and 90 days of age. Slow-growing ISABROWN (IB) layer males and fast-growing Ross 308 (RS) chickens were kept in free-range conditions to evaluate carcass and meat quality at 49 days and 90 days of age. Live weight, carcass yield, breast meat yield and the proportion of abdominal fat were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in RS at both ages. The proportions of fat in the breast meat were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in IB at both ages. The value of pH 24 h was significantly higher in IB and the meat was darker (P < 0.001) in these chickens. The overall acceptability was significantly better (P < 0.01) in IB at 90 days of age. The laying males are acceptable for an alternative system of poultry meat production from the aspect of meat quality. The quality was comparable or even higher in comparison with fast-growing chickens.
FOLTYN MARIAN, RADA VOJTĚCH, LICHOVNÍKOVÁ MARTINA, DRAČKOVÁ ELIŠKA: Eff ect of corn DDGS on broilers performance and meat quality. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2013, LXI, No. 1, pp. 59-64 The eff ects of graded levels of corn distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS) as partial replacement for soybean meal in diets for broilers were observed. In the fi rst experiment 900 males of ROSS 308 were used and they fed diets with 0, 60, 120 and 180 g/kg DDGS in grower diets (Control group, D6, D12 and D18) from 9 th to 35 th day of age. In the second experiment 800 broilers both sex of COBB 500 were used and they fed diets with 0 and 200 g/kg DDGS in grower diets (Control group and D20) from 9 th to 35 th day of age. Until age 30 th day there were not signifi cant diff erences among the groups in live weight in the fi rst experiment. But at 35 th day of age the live weight of chickens fed 60 and 120 g/ kg DDGS (2498.5 g and 2496.3 g) was signifi cantly higher (P < 0.05) than in Control group (2425.9 g, without DDGS). In the second experiment, from 23 th to 35 th day of age signifi cantly higher (P < 0.05) live weight had group fed diet without DDGS in comparison with chickens fed 200 g/kg DDGS. The diff erence between groups at 35 th day of age was 75.7 g. Feed conversion ratio was similar in all groups in both experiments. There was not observed signifi cant eff ect of DDGS on weight and proportion of abdominal fat. Feeding DDGS had signifi cant eff ect (P < 0.05) on decrease the lightness (L*) of breast meat in the fi rst experiment, which was not confi rmed in the second experiment.
Genetic variability of four polymorphisms (CAPN1, CAST, SCD, and FASN) was evaluated and the relationships between them and the beef quality traits (tenderness and fatty acid composition) in Czech crossbred cattle population were assessed. Totally 331 animals were genotyped using multiplex PCR-RFLP. For the CAST NM174003.2:c.155C>T the CC genotype was associated with higher Warner-Bratzler shear force (CC > CT, P < 0.001; CC > TT, P < 0.05) and our results (CC > TT > CT) suggest a possible effect of overdominance. The CAPN1 AF252504.2:c.947G>C did not significantly influence the beef tenderness (strongly influenced by misbalance between the genotype frequencies) suggesting the breed specific effect of this marker. Our association study of the SCD AB075020:c.878T>C polymorphism revealed a positive effect of allele C on myristoleic acid content (CC > CT > TT, P < 0.01). The significant influence of FASN AF285607:g.17924A>G on fatty acid profile was confirmed in the content of myristoleic acid (AG > GG, P < 0.05), palmitoleic acid (AA > AG > GG, P < 0.05, P < 0.001), stearic acid (AA > GG, P < 0.05), myristic acid (AG > GG, P < 0.05), and palmitic acid (AG > GG, P < 0.05). Thus in our population the SNPs of FASN and SCD appeared to be useful markers for selection of animals according to the fatty acid profile as well as SNP of CAST for beef tenderness.
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