What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?• Nephron-sparing surgery has become the standard of care for small renal masses because it allows for the same oncological control as radical nephrectomy and achieves better overall survival, while lowering the risk of subsequent chronic renal failure.• Mini-invasive surgical approaches have also been developed, e.g. laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and robot-assisted laparoscopic PN (RAPN), which result in less bleeding, reduced postoperative pain, shorter length of stay (LOS) and shorter recovery time. LPN requires advanced surgical skill, has a longer learning curve and requires perseverance, which limits its large diffusion. From this prospective comparative study, we can now claim that RAPN is not inferior to pure LPN in terms of perioperative outcomes (i.e. blood loss, operative duration, warm ischaemia time, LOS). Objective• To prospectively compare the surgical and pathological outcomes obtained with robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RAPN) or laparoscopic PN (LPN) for renal cell carcinoma in a multicentre cohort.Patients and Methods Results• The median follow-ups for the RAPN and LPN groups were 7 and 18 months, respectively (P < 0.001).• Age and American Society of Anesthesiology score were significantly higher in the LPN group (P = 0.02 and P = 0.004, respectively). • There were no significant differences between pre-and postoperative creatinine levels, pathology report or complication rates between the groups. The main limitation was due to the study's non-randomised design. Conclusion• RAPN is not inferior to pure LPN for perioperative outcomes (i.e. EBL, operative duration, WIT, LOS). Only a randomised study with a longer follow-up can now provide further insight into oncological outcomes.

Objective To prospectively compare short-term functional outcomes achieved by laparoscopic or robot-assisted sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse. Materials and methods We prospectively collected clinical and operative data over 24 months for female patients who underwent either pure laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSCP) or robot-assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (RALSCP). Clinical data included age, BMI and assessment of PFDI-20 score. Perioperative data included operative time and complications. Post-operative outcomes included hospital stay, length of catheterisation, pain and functional outcomes as assessed by clinical examination and PFDI-20 score assessment. Results Overall, 67 women with a median age of 65 were included: 47 in the LSCP arm and 20 in the RALSCP arm. RALSCP was superior in terms of blood loss (median 55mls vs. 280; P = 0.03) and strict operative time (median 125 min vs. 220; P < 0.0001), but this time advantage was nulliWed when comparing overall operating room time (215 min vs. 220). With a median follow-up of 16 months, the overall anatomic repair rate was 98.5%, and there was an improvement in overall PFDI-20 score before and after surgery (P = 0.001) but with no diVerence between the two surgical approaches. Conclusions RALSCP allows for a safe and eVective repair of pelvic organ prolapse in female patients. Whilst being equivalent to LSCP in terms of functional outcome, it is superior in terms of blood loss and strict operative time. These results are based on short-term assessment, and further studies of larger populations with longer follow-up and objective assessments of outcome are needed to make any deWnitive statement.

Little is known about severe imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria in industrialized countries where the disease is not endemic because most studies have been case reports or have included <200 patients. To identify factors independently associated with the severity of P. falciparum, we conducted a retrospective study using surveillance data obtained from 21,888 P. falciparum patients in France during 1996–2003; 832 were classified as having severe malaria. The global case-fatality rate was 0.4% and the rate of severe malaria was ≈3.8%. Factors independently associated with severe imported P. falciparum malaria were older age, European origin, travel to eastern Africa, absence of chemoprophylaxis, initial visit to a general practitioner, time to diagnosis of 4 to 12 days, and diagnosis during the fall–winter season. Pretravel advice should take into account these factors and promote the use of antimalarial chemoprophylaxis for every traveler, with a particular focus on nonimmune travelers and elderly persons.

OXA-48-like beta-lactamase producing bacteria are now endemic in several European and Mediterranean countries. Among this carbapenemase family, the OXA-48 and OXA-181 variants predominate, whereas other variants such as OXA-204 are rarely reported. Here, we report the molecular epidemiology of a collection of OXA-204-positive enterobacterial isolates (n = 29) recovered in France between October 2012 and May 2014. This study describes the first outbreak of OXA-204-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe, involving 12 isolates of an ST90 Escherichia coli clone and nine isolates of an ST147 Klebsiella pneumoniae clone. All isolates co-produced the cephalosporinase CMY-4, and 60% of them co-produced the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-15. The bla OXA-204 gene was located on a 150-kb IncA/C plasmid, isolated from various enterobacterial species in the same patient, indicating a high conjugative ability of this genetic vehicle.

A majority of patients who failed to achieve an undetectable PSA after surgery had a subsequent biochemical recurrence in the outcome. A systematic PSA assay 6 weeks after RP could be useful to early identify patients who are likely to recur.

Specific anatomical conditions can sometimes lead to AUS implantation with a large cuff with encouraging outcomes. Thus, surgeons should not be reluctant to place a large cuff when the situation requires it.

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Pre-prostatectomy MRI adds significant incremental value to the assessment of patients with cT3 disease. Its ability to accurately predict and characterize pathological T3 status and its superiority to standard clinical variables (e.g. DRE) confirm its usefulness in pre-operative work-up.