Elder abuse, including emotional, physical, sexual, financial, and neglectful mistreatment is widespread in the United States, with as much as 11% of community-residing older adults experiencing some form of abuse in the past year. Little data exist regarding the prevalence of polyvictimization, or experience of multiple forms of abuse, which may exacerbate negative outcomes over that of any one form of victimization in isolation. This study evaluates the prevalence of elder polyvictimization among a nationally representative sample of community-residing U.S. older adults. Data from the National Elder Mistreatment Study were examined using bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Approximately, 1.7% of older adults experienced past-year polyvictimization, for which risk factors included problems accomplishing activities of daily living (odds ratio [OR] = 2.47), low social support (OR = 1.64), and past experience of traumatic events (OR = 4.81). Elder polyvictimization is a serious problem affecting community-residing older adults with identifiable targets for intervention.
BackgroundSocial anxiety is an underreported concern in schizophrenia (SCZ). Prevalence rates in the general population range from 0.5–7% (APA, 2013), but are higher in SCZ, and estimated to be 11–36% (Mazeh et al., 2009; Pallanti et al., 2004). Yet, research is limited with no established social anxiety treatments. Social anxiety is associated with decreased quality of life (Hansson, 2006), low self-esteem (Gumley et al., 2005), and increased psychopathology (Vrbova et al., 2017). Lysaker and Hammersley (2006) found that people with delusions and impairment in flexibility had the highest levels of social anxiety compared to those with fewer symptoms. Additionally, Lysaker et al. (2010) found that people with both high paranoia and theory of mind had higher social anxiety compared to those with lower levels of either paranoia or theory of mind. Taken together, this research suggests that symptoms may increase social anxiety, but other factors may inhibit their impact. The current study aims to add to this literature by exploring how different levels of hallucinations and self-esteem support affect social anxiety in SCZ.MethodsOutpatients with SCZ (N=50) participated in the current study. Participants were 76% male with a mean age of 42.50. Participants were African-American (n=27; 54%), Caucasian (n=11; 22%), multi-racial (n=5; 10%), Asian (n=4, 8%), or Hispanic (n=3; 6%). Social fear, social avoidance, and overall social anxiety was measured with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS; Liebowitz, 1987). Self-esteem support (SeS) was measured with a subscale taken from the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL; Cohen & Hoberman, 1983). SeS is the appraisal of the self compared with others and other’s opinions of the self. Hallucinations (HA) were scored with the observer-rated Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS; Andreasen, 1983). Participants were classified as having hallucinations if their SAPS global hallucinations were rated moderate to severe. This was chosen a priori as it reflects a level of clear hallucinations that may bother the person to some extent, as defined within the SAPS. Participants were classified as having either high or low SeS based on a mean split of the distribution of scores. Once participants were classified, we planned to compare groups on levels of social anxiety. This method was modified from previous research reporting similar groupings of symptoms and their relationship to social anxiety (Lysaker & Hammersley, 2006).ResultsFour groups resulted after including the dichotomized variables with the following proportions: low SeS/no HA (n=6; 12.5%), low SeS/HA (n=11, 22.9%), high SeS/no HA (n=13; 27.1%), and high SeS/HA (n=18, 37.5%). A one-way ANOVA was conducted to analyze the differences between groups. Post-Hoc analyses revealed the following differences. The HA/low SeS group had higher social anxiety than in the no HA/high SeS group (p=.030) and no HA/low SeS group (p=.039). The HA/low SeS group had higher social fear (p=.017) and social avoidance (p=.0...
expert consultation and coaching, timely fidelity feedback, access to training resources, training that bolsters EBP confidence), Organization and Team Supports (protected time, systems to monitor and prompt delivery, team/agency leadership prioritization and supports, outcome monitoring), and fit between ACT and CBSST models (adaptations for team and community delivery, flexibility for complex clients and crisis management model). Conclusion: This information can be used to adapt EBPs such as CBSST to fit into the ACT service delivery context found throughout the United States, which creates an opportunity to substantially increase access to psychosocial EBPs for schizophrenia. SA121. LINKS BETWEEN DIFFERENT AREAS OF FUNCTIONING, SOCIAL ANXIETY, AND THEORY OF MIND IN RECENT-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIAAmelie Achim*, Andréanne Huot, and Élisabeth Thibaudeau Université LavalBackground: Functional recovery is now a recognized treatment goal for schizophrenia. It is therefore important to better understand the cognitive and psychological factors that influence functioning and their interrelations. Among these factors, social cognition deficits and comorbid social anxiety are common in schizophrenia and have been separately linked to greater impairments in functioning. In a previous study, we observed that theory of mind (ToM) was the aspect of social cognition that showed the greatest association with functioning in recent-onset schizophrenia. Contrary to our expectations, patients with or without social anxiety showed similar ToM performance and similar levels of functioning as assessed with the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFAS).Since the SOFAS provides a single, global score, we aimed to refine our previous results by exploring the relationships with distinct areas of functioning rated with the Schizophrenia Objective Functioning Instrument (SOFI). Methods: Fifty-six outpatients with recent-onset schizophrenia (mean illness duration = 21.2 months) had undergone a detailed interview that covered several aspects of their functioning. The records from these interviews were used to rate the 4 SOFI subscales, including (1) living situation, (2) instrumental activities of daily living, (3) productive activities and role functioning, and (4) social/recreational functioning. These ratings were compared between patients with (N = 27) or without (N = 29) a comorbid social anxiety disorder, and we also examined the link with ToM performance assessed with the Combined Stories Task. Results: No group difference emerged between patients with or without social anxiety on the 4 SOFI subscales (all Ps >. 30). As for the link with ToM, a significant correlation was observed with productive activities and role functioning (r = .31, P = .02). The other correlations did not reach significance (P values between .08 and .72). Conclusion: Previous studies reported poorer functioning in schizophrenia patients who also present with social anxiety, and the failure to replicate these results triggers questions regarding the factors a...
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