RESUMO: O Brasil é um país conhecidamente rico em recursos naturais. Para que os usos dos recursos não resultem na sua escassez ou esgotamento são necessárias regras que garantam a preservação e a manutenção desses recursos. A legislação ambiental tem o papel de regrar a respeito desse assunto e tem evoluído nos últimos tempos, para que as novas ideias, novas questões e desafios modernos sejam contemplados. Neste trabalho é realizada uma síntese sobre alguns aspectos da legislação ambiental brasileira,seu histórico, o uso dos princípios do poluidor/usuário pagador e protetor recebedor na legislação, e o direito ambiental dentro do contexto de sustentabilidade.Palavras-chave: Sustentabilidade, Poluidor/usuário pagador, Protetor recebedor. ABSTRACT:Brazil is a country known to be rich in natural resources. So that the uses of resources do not result in their shortage, rules are needed to ensure the preservation and maintenance of resources. An environmental legislation has the role for regulating this subject. In Brazil the environmental legislation has advanced in recent years taking into account new ideas, new issues and modern challenges. This paper presents a discussion about the Brazilian environmental legislation, its history, the polluter pays principle and protection receiving in law, also considering the environmental law within the context of sustainability.
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