BACKGROUND Obesity-related complications (ORCs), such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease, contribute considerably to the clinical and economic impacts of obesity. To obtain a holistic overview of health and weight management attempts for people with obesity in Europe, we designed the cross-sectional RESOURCE survey to collect data on comorbidities, healthcare resource use (HCRU) and weight loss strategies from people with obesity in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK. METHODS Adults (≥ 18 years old) with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 who reported interacting with primary or secondary healthcare services in the past 12 months, but had not been pregnant during this time, were recruited from an existing consumer research panel. All data were self-reported via an online survey (May–June 2021). Weight changes over the past year were calculated from participants’ estimated weights. RESULTS Of the 1850 participants in the survey, 26.3% had ≥ 3 ORCs from a set of 15 conditions of interest. The most frequently reported ORCs were hypertension (39.3% of participants), dyslipidaemia (22.8%) and T2D (17.5%). Participants in obesity class III (BMI 40 to < 70 kg/m2) were more likely to report multiple ORCs than those in lower obesity classes. The presence of multiple ORCs was linked to various types of HCRU, including a significantly increased chance of reporting hospitalization in the past year. Most participants (78.6%) had attempted to lose weight in the past year, but of those who also reported estimated weight changes, 73.4% had not experienced clinically meaningful weight loss of ≥ 5%. CONCLUSIONS ORCs are common in people with obesity, and are linked to increased HCRU. Together with the low success rate of weight loss attempts, this highlights an unmet need in Europe for enhanced weight management support for people with obesity.
Background: Nosocomial pathogens are transmitted by contamination of surfaces causing healthcare-associated infections (HAI). The impact of locally produced disinfectant with operational training as a means to improve hygiene in resource-limited healthcare facilities and prevent HAI was evaluated. Method: In Burkina Faso, 4 types of electro-chlorinator devices that convert salt and water into sodium hypochlorite through electrolysis were installed in 26 healthcare facilities distributed across 3 sanitary districts. The program was evaluated at 4 months and 11 months and performance compared with a control group. Results: After 11 months, over 90% of the facilities applied 8 of the 11 essential hygiene practices defined by the Ministry of Health, compared to 20% in the control group. 61.5% of the healthcare facilities improved the chlorine concentration of their sodium hypochlorite solutions, reaching an average concentration of 5.1 g/L compared to an average of 2.1 g/L in the control group. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis demonstrated that locally produced sodium hypochlorite led to daily savings ranging between 2.7 and 53 euros depending on the device compared with the purchase of chlorine tablets. Conclusion: Results, therefore, suggest that electro-chlorinator devices in addition to hygiene sensitization can be a simple, cost-effective and tailored intervention to reduce the prevalence of HAI in low-resource settings.
Background Obesity-related complications (ORCs), such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease, contribute considerably to the clinical and economic impacts of obesity. To obtain a holistic overview of health and weight management attempts for people with obesity in Europe, we designed the cross-sectional RESOURCE survey to collect data on comorbidities, healthcare resource use (HCRU) and weight loss strategies from people with obesity in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK. Methods Adults (≥18 years old) with self-reported body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 who reported interacting with primary or secondary healthcare services in the past 12 months, but had not been pregnant during this time, were recruited from an existing consumer research panel. All data were self-reported via an online survey (May–June 2021). Weight changes over the past year were calculated from participants’ estimated weights. Results Of the 1850 participants in the survey, 26.3% reported that they had ≥3 ORCs from a set of 15 conditions of interest. The most frequently reported ORCs were hypertension (39.3% of participants), dyslipidaemia (22.8%) and T2D (17.5%). Participants in obesity class III (BMI 40 to <70 kg/m2) were more likely to report multiple ORCs than those in lower obesity classes. The presence of multiple ORCs was linked to various types of HCRU, including a significantly increased chance of reporting hospitalization in the past year. Most participants (78.6%) had attempted to lose weight in the past year, but of those who also reported estimated weight changes, 73.4% had not experienced clinically meaningful weight loss of ≥5%. Conclusions ORCs are common in people with obesity, and are linked to increased HCRU. Together with the low reported success rate of weight loss attempts, this highlights an unmet need in Europe for enhanced weight management support for people with obesity.
Aims: Obesity-related complications (ORCs) impose a substantial health burden on affected individuals, and economic costs to health care systems. We examined ORCs and the progression of direct health care costs over 8 years, stratified by obesity class. Materials and Methods: Adults with obesity were identified in linked US medical records and administrative claims databases. The index date was the first body mass index measurement of 30 to <70 kg/m 2 between 1 January 2007 and 31 March 2012; a ≥8-year continuous enrolment post-index was required for inclusion. Diagnosis codes for five specific ORCs and total health care costs were recorded in each year of follow-up. Costs adjusted for clinical and demographic factors were also estimated. Results: Of 28 583 eligible individuals, 17 892 had class I obesity, 6550 had class II obesity and 4141 had class III obesity. From baseline to year 8, the presence of type 2 diabetes and knee osteoarthritis doubled in all obesity classes, with even larger increases for chronic kidney disease and heart failure. Observed and adjusted total health care costs generally increased from the baseline year to year 8. The difference in costs between obesity classes increased over time: at year 1, individuals with class III obesity had 26.8% higher costs than those in class I, but at year 8, this difference was 40.7%. Outpatient costs constituted half of the total observed costs across obesity classes.Conclusions: ORC rates and health care costs increase over time, and are greater in higher obesity classes. This could be mitigated by approaches that limit obesity progression.
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