Using insecticides on soybean (Glycine max, L.) may induce lethal and sublethal effects on beneficial fauna associated with soybean cultivation. In Argentina, the application of pesticides in extensive and intensive crops for weed and insect control has increased by more than 400 % over the last 20 years. This study aimed to determine the effect of chlorantraniliprole applied under field conditions on predators and parasitoids associated with Rachiplusia nu (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Phytophagous and predatory organisms were recorded in chlorantraniliprole-treated and untreated field plots during the 2014-2015 crop season. R. nu larvae were collected, individually placed in Petri dishes, and reared in a conditioned growth chamber until adult Lepidoptera or parasitoids appeared. Data were analyzed with the generalized linear mixed model. In untreated plots, the parasitoid Copidosoma sp. reduced the R. nu population growth curve below the economic injury level. In chlorantraniliprole-treated fields, differences before and after application were significant (p > 0.05), indicating that the insecticide affected predators (Araneidae, Syrphidae, Hemiptera) and parasitoids (Hymenoptera). Additionally, the Berger-Parker dominance index showed parasitoids were more sensitive to chlorantraniliprole than predators. Future research on selective insecticides with other action modes would be needed to evaluate sublethal effects on natural enemies.
El libro aborda los aparatos bucales de los insectos, su constitución y funcionamiento, con especial énfasis en el análisis detallado de los daños ocasionados por aquellos considerados plaga. Este conocimiento representa un aporte tanto para los estudiantes de las carreras de Ingeniería Agronómica, Ingeniería Forestal y de carreras afines, como de los profesionales relacionados con la protección de cultivos. Permite diagnosticar los problemas sanitarios de los cultivos y diferenciarlos de los insectos benéficos y polinizadores.
Some species of the genus Inostemma have been recorded in pests associated with numerous botanical families, the current work records the presence of the mentioned parasitoid in an area of high plant diversity in La Plata, Argentina. The parasitoid wasp Inostemma striaticornu Buhl (Platygastrinae) is mentioned for the first time in the country in bell pepper crops.
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