Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) members are considered top sustainable companies within each sector. Thus, DJSI inclusion signals a reputation for strong Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) engagement, which should contribute to enhanced firm performance. This paper examines the performance of the European banks listed in the DJSI for the period 2003-2013 and analyzes the effect of having a reputation for CSR on performance during a period of economic crisis. A vast amount of literature links CSR, reputation and performance, but few studies have examined the banking sector and the impact of the last recession. Our results suggest that banks' efforts to build a reputation for CSR benefits performance. Nevertheless, in periods of crisis, these efforts do not contribute to improved returns.

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We empirically explore the innovation and corporate sustainability link using a large sample of worldwide banks for the period 2003–2016. Our results suggest that service innovation performance enhances the banking industry’s corporate sustainability. In addition, we contribute by proposing a conceptual framework for understanding the link between innovation performance and corporate sustainability in the banking industry. The framework consists of three underlying dimensions—the antecedents of innovation performance, the specific innovation performance initiatives, and how these initiatives are converted into improved corporate sustainability. Our findings provide insights for academics and practitioners on the dynamics between service innovation performance and corporate sustainability in the banking sector. Further, due to the intermediation role of banks in the economy, their evolution towards sustainable banking constitutes a lever for sustainability across other industries and overall sustainable development.

This article examines multinational banks' (MNBs) approaches to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developing countries' subsidiaries, particularly in Latin America. Building on in-depth case studies of two MNBs that are based in Europe and market leaders in Latin America, we analyze their CSR motivations and outcomes in host countries. We examine institutional environments by applying the national business system framework, and we suggest missing categories in its financial and educational dimensions. We theorize how institutional necessity determines MNBs' CSR in developing countries. Finally, we examine the CSR outcomes in Latin America, where banks' responsible conduct has led to major improvements in educational levels and financial inclusion.These improvements alleviate poverty and enhance both country's social wellbeing and MNBs' legitimacy, leading to mutual prosperity.