The purpose of the present research was to identify values relevant to the context of science and test their location in the motivational value circle proposed by Schwartz (1992). Based on the available scientific values literature, creativity, curiosity, skepticism, open-mindedness, rationality, objectivity, communality, integrity, and consistency values were identified as scientific values. Items were generated by the authors to measure their importance. Two studies were conducted to test five hypotheses. In Study 1, with a student sample (N = 624, M age = 22), results revealed that scientific values were empirically located between Self-Direction and Universalism values, and there was a sinusoidal pattern of correlations between the scientific values and the other value types. In Study 2 (N = 181, M age = 21.5), scientific values were observed to be positively correlated with the attitudes towards science as measured by semantic differential scales and the need for cognition scores, and negatively correlated with intolerance of uncertainty scores. The present research was the first attempt to integrate scientific values into the circular structure of values. Results were discussed as confirming the hypothesized structure of scientific values, and as providing initial support for the convergent and divergent validity of the scientific values measure. Using convenience samples with a potential self-selection bias, collecting data from Turkish university students, over-representation of women in Study 2, and low reliability coefficients for value type measures other than the scientific values were noted as methodological limitations. Attempts to replicate the results of the present research in cross-cultural studies and to investigate the relationships between the scientific values and personality measures other than the ones used in the present study to extend convergent validity are suggested as future research directions.
Son yıllarda teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte internet kişisel yaşamın ve iş yaşamının vazgeçilmez bir parçası olmuştur. Buna göre akademisyenler sanal kaytarmayı işyerindeki sapkın davranışlardan biri olarak tanıtmış ve sanal kaytarmayı çalışma saatleri içerisinde çalışanların interneti işle ilgili olmayan amaçlar için kullanması olarak tanımlamıştır. Sanal kaytarma faaliyetleri arasında kişisel e-postaları kontrol etme, işle ilgili olmayan web sitelerini ziyaret etme, internet alışverişi, online oyun ve kumar oynama ve yasal olmayan müzik indirme sayılabilir. Sanal kaytarma kişilerin iyi oluş hali için olumlu etkilere sahip olsa da pek çok araştırma örgütler için verimliliğin düşmesi gibi olumsuz sonuçlara sebep olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu yazı sanal kaytarmayla ilgili pek çok çalışmanın bir derlemesidir. Özellikle sanal kaytarmanın öncüllerini ve bireysel ve örgütsel sonuçlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Buna ek olarak örgütlerde sanal kaytarmanın kontrolü amaçlı çeşitli yollar önermektedir. Dolayısıyla bu derleme ilgili alanda çalışan araştırmacılara ve uygulayıcılara önemli bir kaynak olacaktır.
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