Although bowel function deteriorates with increasing age after operated HD, it is associated with only slightly decreased gastrointestinal quality of life.

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To investigate burn injuries requiring hospitalization sustained during the first year of life, clinical data collected during hospital treatment of infants younger than 1 year were reviewed. The principal aim was to chart the etiology and mechanism of burn injuries in this group to focus on the necessary preventive measures. The authors also review literature focusing especially on children younger than 1 year. Patients identified in the electronic database were referred to the Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, from January 2005 to December 2009. Specific inclusion criteria yielded a cohort of 20 patient records, which accounted for 3% of the 692 admissions due to pediatric burn injury during the 5-year study period. The male to female ratio was 1:1.5 and the mean age was 6.3 months. Most burns were sustained at home during domestic tasks and were most often witnessed. The etiology in the majority of the cases was scalding (85%), while contact burns accounted for the remaining. The final TBSA ranged from 0.5 to 40% (mean 8.5%). In 13 cases (65%), the initial TBSA was overestimated. Overall, it was concluded that burn injuries in this age group are most often witnessed and take place while the infant is being held at the same time as the hot item. Parental education on typical situations in which burn injuries happen in preambulatory infants may help reduce the number of burn injuries.

Background and objective: Femoral fractures in children have significant impact for patients, family, and trauma resources as they usually require hospitalization and surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and trends of femoral fractures among children and adolescents hospitalized between 1998 and 2016 in Finland and Sweden. Methods: All patients younger than 17 years of age in Finland and Sweden with a femoral fracture treated surgically between 1998 and 2016 were included in the study. Data were collected from National Hospital Discharge Registries. Patients were classified by gender and age into four groups. The annual incidences per 100,000 were calculated using annual mid-year population census data obtained from the Official Statistics of Finland and Sweden. Results: In total, 6410 patients younger than 17 years of age diagnosed with femoral fracture were included in this study. The total incidence per 100,000 femoral fractures was 13.3 in Finland and 11.0 in Sweden. The incidence of femoral fractures decreased during the study period in all age groups, except for teenage Finnish girls. Most of the fractures were located in femoral shaft. Fractures of the upper and distal femur were rare. Male predominance was detected in all age groups older than 1 year. Conclusions: The incidence of femoral fractures decreased in all age groups except in teenage Finnish girls. Majority of femoral fractures were located in femoral shaft with male predominance. In children younger than 1 year of age, female predominance was found.

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