A capillary tube viscometer was developed to measure the dynamic viscosity of gases for high pressure and high temperature. The apparatus is simple and designed for safe-handling operation. The gas was supplied to the capillary tube from a high-pressure reservoir tank through a pressure regulator unit to maintain a steady state flow. The measurements of a pressure drop across the capillary tube with high accuracy under extreme conditions are the main challenge for this method. A differential pressure sensor for high pressures up to 100 MPa is not available commercially. Therefore, a pair of accurate absolute pressure transducers was used as a differential pressure sensor. Then the pressure drop was calculated by subtracting the outlet pressure from the inlet one with a resolution of 100 Pa at 100 MPa. The accuracy of the present measurement system is confirmed by measuring the viscosity of nitrogen as a reference gas. The apparatus provided viscosities of nitrogen from ambient temperature to 500 K and hydrogen from ambient temperature to 400 K and for pressures up to 100 MPa with a maximum deviation of 2.2 % compared with a correlation developed by the present authors and with REFPROP (NIST).

Preliminary investigations have been conducted to discuss the possibility of measuring the thermal conductivity of hydrogen gas by the three-omega method. A one-dimensional analytical solution for the 3ω component is derived which includes the effect of the wire heat capacity. It is shown that it is very important to take into account the wire heat capacity in the calculation to measure the thermal conductivity of gas by the three-omega method. In contrast, the wire heat capacity is less important for the thermal conductivity of the liquid or solid phase.123 398 Int J Thermophys (2009) 30:397-415 wire heat capacity is found to increase with increasing frequency and decrease if the sample thermal conductivity is high. In order to measure the thermal conductivity of hydrogen gas at atmospheric pressure, a wire of diameter less than 1 µm is necessary if the properties of the wire are to be neglected.

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a b s t r a c tThe fire disaster was one of the disasters that frequently occurred in Indonesia. Fires often occur in particular in the area of dense population average is affected by the presence of shorting electric and gas leakage from household kitchens. many cases fires are known at the time of the fire, and little has happened can be detected early. Based on community-based information system that has been done today, then needed a fire disaster information systems that can provide information and notification in real-time in the form of initial conditions information from source fire and its location to the firefighter or the community effectively and efficiently. The purpose of the research was the design of a prototype fire information system building based Google Map using lines of communication the GSM module. The prototype was built using the DHT11 temperature sensor, Sensor Smoke MQ2, Arduino Uno, GPS module and GSM modem SIM9000. The research produces information systems monitoring fires in two systems namely fire detection system and information systems fire location based Google Maps. Both systems have been run in accordance with experiments that have been conducted resulting in fire occurrence data location information with data on the condition of the presence of smoke and temperature/temperature. And expected with this prototype development research community or parties associated with catastrophic fires can be helped to anticipate disasters and takes a lot of sacrifice. a b s t r a k Bencana kebakaran merupakan salah satu bencana yang kerap terjadi di Indonesia. Kebakaran sering kali terjadi khususnya di kawasan padat penduduk yang rata-rata dipengaruhi oleh adanya korslet listrik dan kebocoran gas dari dapur rumah tangga. banyak kasus kebakaran diketahui pada saat sudah terjadi kebakaran dan sedikit dapat dideteksi lebih awal. Berdasarkan sistem informasi berbasis masyarakat yang telah dilakukan saat ini, maka diperlukan sebuah sistem informasi bencana kebakaran yang dapat memberikan notifikasi dan informasi secara real-time dalam bentuk informasi dari awal kondisi sumber kebakaran dan lokasinya kepada pihak petugas pemadam kebakaran maupun masyarakat secara efektif dan efesien. Tujuan penelitian adalah perancangan prototipe sistem informasi kebakaran gedung berbasis Google Map dengan menggunakan jalur komunikasi modul GSM. Prototipe dibangun menggunakan sensor suhu DHT11, Sensor Asap MQ2, Arduino Uno, modul GPS dan modem GSM SIM9000. Penelitian menghasilkan sistem informasi monitoring kebakaran dalam dua sistem yaitu sistem deteksi kebakaran dan sistem informasi lokasi kebakaran yang berbasis Google Maps. Kedua sistem telah berjalan sesuai dengan percobaan yang telah dilakukan sehingga menghasilkan informasi data lokasi terjadinya kebakaran beserta data kondisi adanya asap dan suhu/temperatur. Dan diharapkan dengan penelitian pengembangan prototipe ini maka masyarakat atau pihak terkait dengan bencana kebakaran dapat terbantu untuk mengantisipasi bencana yang lebih besar dan memakan banyak k...