In addition to injuries and loss of life, natural disasters also damage the buildings and living spaces where people spend most of their time. Structural damage occurring after disasters interferes with housing, health, education and infrastructure. Education is one of the most important factors toAfetler, önemli oranda can kayıplarına neden olurken bir yandan da kullanıcıların yaşamlarını geçirdiği mekânlarda yapısal hasarlara yol açmaktadır. Afet sonrası yapısal hasarlar; barınma, sağlık, eğitim ve çeşitli altyapı hizmetlerini engeller. Eğitim de bu süreçte kesintiye uğramaması ve üzerinde duyarlılıkla durulması gereken hizmet alanlarından biridir. Afetzede öğrencilerin afet öncesin-de sahip oldukları eğitim-öğretim imkanlarının afet sonrasında da herhangi bir azalma söz konusu olmadan devam edebilmesi için gereksinimler doğrultusunda geçici eğitim yapılarının hızlı bir şekilde oluşturulması gereklidir. Aynı zamanda kaynakların gereğinden fazla tüketimini engellemek amacıyla birimlerin olası bir afette yeniden kullanılmak üzere kaynak oluşturması sağlanmalı ve uygun arazi, malzeme ve yapım sistemi seçimi ve uygulama yöntemleri gerçekleştirilmelidir. Bu nedenle, afet sonrası oluştu-rulacak geçici eğitim birimlerinin yer seçim, tasarım, üretim, kurulum, kullanım ve kullanım sonrası gibi tüm yaşam süreçlerinde sürdürülebilirlik kavramının göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu çalışmada afet sonrası geçici eğitim yapılarının sürdürülebilirlik ölçütlerine uygun olarak oluşturulabilmesi için "afet sonrası sür-dürülebilir geçici eğitim yapılarının yaşam süreçlerindeki eylem adımları"nın irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sürdürülebilir geçici eğitim yapısı uygulamaları ile öğrencilerin afet sonrasında uygun mekanlarda eğitimlerine devam etmelerine, ülke ekonomisine ve doğal kaynakların korunmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. MEGARON 2013;8(1):8-18 MAKALE / ARTICLE
Using vegetated facade systems (VFS) as a sustainable solution for existing and new buildings and evaluating thermal performance of these sytems are not a new concept. However, there is a gap in literature about measuring thermal performance of VFS applied on an insulated wall. Also, in the research literature, there are few studies measuring thermal performance of felt type VFS in temperate climates, and data about the thermal performance of VFS during winter periods is still scarce. Thus, the aim of the present study is to measure the thermal performance of a felt type VFS applied on a thermal insulated existing wall that us located in Kocaeli, Turkey, under Csa climate conditions during heating and cooling periods. Test results indicate that the felt type VFS acts as a shading device and has a positive contribution to the thermal performance of building walls during a cooling period. In daytime when there is a high amount of solar radiation, felt type VFS decreased exterior surface temperatures of the insulated existing wall by a maximum of 24.4°C, 32.2°C and 37.2°C, in spring, summer and fall periods, respectively. Additionally, indoor air temperatures of the vegetated facade were lower than indoor air temperatures of the reference facade with the maximum difference of 1.8°C during the cooling period. Also, test results indicate that the vegetated facade never dropped to below 0°C while exterior surface temperatures of the reference facade dropped below 0°C at nighttime in the winter period. Thus, it can be claimed that the felt type VFS behaves as a thermal buffer and enhances the thermal performance of the exterior wall of the existing building during heating periods at nighttime. As a conclusion, although differences between exterior surface temperatures of vegetated and reference walls were high, differences between interior surface temperatures of vegetated and reference walls were not meaningful. That is due to the fact that the existing building exterior wall assembly includes 5 cm thickness thermal insulation material which enhance the thermal performance of the brick wall. Finally, according to solar reflectance results, it can be claimed that vegetated facade systems have a positive effect on reducing urban heat island effect.
Vegetated facade systems (VFS) have been used as green building envelope systems in recent years. Using VFS for ecological strategies and evaluating thermal performance of these sytems are not a new concept. However, there is not any experimental study in literature which evaluates thermal performance of felt type VFS applied on an insulated existing building wall which is located in Csa climate during cooling and heating periods. Hence, an experimental study was conducted to measure thermal performance of felt type (type which used felt material as growing media) VFS in Kocaeli (under Csa climate). Test results indicate that in day time with high amount of solar radiation, felt type VFS decreased exterior surface temperatures of an insulated existing wall by maximum of 30°C. Also, interior surface temperatures of vegetated facade were lower than interior surface temperatures of reference facade with the maxiumum difference of 1.8°C. Although high differences between exterior surface temperatures of vegetated and reference walls were observed, there was no significant difference between interior surface temperatures of vegetated and reference walls. This is due to the fact that existing building exterior wall assembly includes 5 cm thickness expanded thermal insulation material which enchance thermal performance of brick wall. In addition, indoor air temperatures behind both facades were close to each other, and were not suitable according to ISO 7730 and ASHRAE 55 Standards comfort range for representative summer days with high ambient air temperatures. Nevertheless, indoor air temperatures behind vegetated facade were in the comfort range in the fall representative day which required cooling, while indoor air temperatures behind reference facade were not in the comfort range in summer representative day.
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