No abstract

Herliansyah R, Fitria I. 2018. Latent variable models for multi-species counts modeling in ecology. Biodiversitas 19: 1871-1876. High-dimensional multi-species counts are often collected in ecology to understand the spatial distribution over different locations and to study effects of environmental changes. Modeling multivariate abundance is challenging as we need to consider the possibility of interactions across species. Latent variable models are the recent popular approaches in statistical ecology to address such issue that has a similar framework to ordinary regression models. In this paper, we employed the poisson distribution for modeling count responses and a negative binomial distribution for more frequent zeros in observations. The implementation of a latent variable model, Generalized Linear Latent Variable Models (GLLVMs), was demonstrated on multi-species counts of endemic bird species collected in 37 different sites in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The main objectives were to study the effect of logging activities on abundance of endemic species and their interactions and to observe the habitat preference of certain species. Our study found that out of four endemic species, Alophoixus bres and Eurylaimus javanicus species were significantly affected by logging activities. The sign of parameters was negative indicating the logging activities in 1989 and 1993 bring significantly negative impacts on those species. The interaction created among species was strongly negative for major endemic species especially Alophoixus bres and Eurylaimus javanicus that prefer living in primary forest than in logging areas.

Abstrak : Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Praktikum Biologi Umum I Berbasis Inkuiri Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Ilmiah Mahasiswa Biologi Angkatan 2015. Tujuan penelitian untuk menyediakan bahan ajar yang sesuai tuntutan kurikulum dengan mempertimbangkan kebutuhan mahasiswa. Model yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran. Hasil dari penilaian ahli materi yaitu dari aspek  (1) Kelayakan isi, 80,8%; (2) Kelayakan kebahasaan 81,9%. Penilaian dari ahli rancangan pembelajaran dari aspek (1) Teknik penyajian, nilai rata-rata 81,2%; (2) Penyajian pembelajaran, nilai rata-rata 79,1%; (3) Kelengkapan penyajian,  nilai rata-rata 80%; (4) Langkah-langkah Inkuiri, nilai rata-rata 82,5%. Penilaian juga dilakukan oleh dosen pengampu mata kuliah biologi umum I yaitu (1) Kelayakan isi, nilai rata-rata 83,7%; (2) Kelayakan penyajian, nilai rata-rata 82,5%; (3) Keterbacaan, nilai rata-rata 81,2%; dan (4) Komponen keterampilan inkuiri, nilai rata-rata 87,5%. Kata Kunci : Bahan Ajar, Inkuiri, Biologi Umum I              Abstract : Instructional Materials Development Practicum General Biology I Inquiry-Based Skills To Improve Student Science Biology Force, 2015. The research objective to provide teaching materials that suit the demands of the curriculum with the needs of the students. The model used is a model learning device development. The results of expert assessment of aspects of the matter, namely (1) Eligibility content, 80.8%; (2) Eligibility linguistic 81.9%. Assessment of learning design experts from the aspect (1) Mechanical presentation, the average value of 81.2%; (2) Presentation of the study, the average value of 79.1%; (3) Completeness of presentation, the average value of 80%; (4) Measures Inquiry, the average value of 82.5%. Assessment is also conducted by the lecturer of general biology course I namely (1) Eligibility content, the average value of 83.7%; (2) Eligibility presentation, the average value of 82.5%; (3) Readability, the average value of 81.2%; and (4) Components skills of inquiry, the average value of 87.5%. Keywords : Subjects, Inquiry, General Biology I

Pada tumbuhan berbiji penyerbukan merupakan proses penting dalam reproduksi. Penyerbukan merupakan proses transfer polen ke stigma, dan lebih dari 90% tumbuhan memerlukan agen penyerbuk (Bawa 1990). Agen penyerbuk

This reseach aims to known the butterflies species at State University of Medan. Observation and collection of  butterflies  were conducted from March – April 2016 at State University of Medan. Butterflies observation  conducted with scan sampling method at 09:00 to 17:00 in sunny days. This study consist of  found 43 species of butterflies, belonging to 5 families, i.e. Pieridae, Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, and Hesperiidae. 15 species of butterflies are found in only one site but 2 species are found in all sites, i.e. Appias olferna and Papilio polytes.