Resumen: Introducción: de acuerdo a la evidencia científica existente, el control de la placa bacteriana (mecánico y químico) acompañado del uso de fluoruros tópicos se establece como la base en el mantenimiento de una dentadura sana. La Federación Dental Internacional (FDI) establece el cepillado dental con una pasta dental fluorada dos veces por día como el patrón básico de higiene dental personal, pudiendo ser mejorado con el uso de elementos adicionales de higiene interproximal (como la seda dental o los cepillos interproximales) o de colutorios (antisépticos o fluorados). Material y método: se recopila información acerca de los hábitos de higiene oral de la población española (escolar y adulta) provenientes de cuestionarios de salud junto a datos de estudios de mercado de venta de productos (cepillos y colutorios) y se relacionan con la epidemiología de caries y enfermedad periodontal. Resultados: los hábitos de higiene dental personal en España, pese a una positiva evolución en los últimos años, aún se encuentran lejos del patrón de excelencia deseable y a la cola de los países desarrollados. Conclusión: para conseguir una mejor salud oral de la población española deben mejorarse los hábitos de higiene oral.Palabras clave: Salud oral, Cepillado, Enjuagues, Seda dental, Instrumentos personales de cuidado de salud oral. Abstract:Introduction: according to the available scientific evidence, the mechanical and chemical control of the bacterial plaque biofilm supplemented by the use of local fluorides is established as the cornerstone in the maintenance of healthy teeth. The International Dental Federation (FDI) establishes dental brushing with a fluoridated toothpaste twice per day as the basic personal dental tooth cleaning pattern, which could be improved with the use of additional elements of interproximal hygiene (as dental floss or interproximal brushes) or the adjunctive action of mouthwashes (antiseptic or fluoridated). Material amd method: data are compiled regarding oral hygiene habits of the Spanish population (schoolchildren and adults) by means of health questionnaires and through market research of product sales (toothbrushes and mouthrinses) and are related to the epidemiology of caries and periodontal disease. Results: personal tooth cleaning habits in Spain, in spite of a positive evolution in the last years, are still far from the pattern of desirable excellence and among the worst of developed countries patterns. Conclusions: in order to obtain a better oral health of the Spanish population, their habits of oral hygiene must be improved.
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