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Avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass), is a perishable fruit, which compositionally presents nutritional benefits, which has led to its productive chain to look for new alternatives of agroindustrialization to improve its competitiveness in the market, being guacamole a potential option. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of composition and homogenization process on the colloidal system stability based on avocado and other ingredients for a potential use in the aspersion drying process. We used the surface response methodology and a central composite experimental design for experimental optimization of the process, considering three independent variables as follows: avocado dry solids (DSavocado), homogenization time and tert-butylhydroquinone concentration (TBHQ), and six dependent variables: zeta potential (-ζ), color (L *: brightness, a *: green-red chromaticity, b *: yellow-blue chromaticity), viscosity (μ), spectral absorption stability index, peroxide index (PI) and particle size (D10, D50 and D90). The best emulsion and process formulation was achieved with 47.1% of DSavocado, 5 min of homogenization and 100 mg.kg-1 of TBHQ, obtaining an emulsion with -ζ = -27.67 ± 0.29, L * = 51.3 ± 1.0, a * = -5.8 ± 0.8 and b * = 30.0 ± 1.9, μ = 1034.56 ± 95.91 cP , R = 0.78 ± 0.03, IP = 0.73 ± 0.30 meq H2O2.Kg-1 emulsion, D10 = 8.1 ± 0.7 μm, D50 = 56.2 ± 11.5 μm and D90 = 346.6 ± 94.6 μm. The emulsion based on avocado and other ingredients, presents a physico-chemical, physical stability adequate stability, which guarantees a potential use for aspersion-drying process, since it meets with the criteria design for viscosity and total solids, of the pilot unit PSALAB, Vibrasec S.A.

Agroindustria y Ciencia de los Alimentos / Agroindustry and Food ScienceThe influence of drying on cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruits added with active components La influencia del secado sobre frutos de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) adicionados con componentes activos AbstractDehydrated products added with active components (AC) represent a healthy alternative for modern consumer. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of drying process conditions of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) impregnated under vacuum with AC and dehydrated. A factorial design was performed with two independent variables, 2 levels per variable (temperature: 50 and 60ºC, air velocity: 2.0 and 3.0 m.s -1 ) and three replicates per drying condition. In fact, cape gooseberry fruits were previously impregnated under vacuum with an emulsion containing calcium and vitamins B9, C, D3 and E, which were subjected to dehydration until a water activity of approximately 0.6. In addition, drying rate curves presented in all cases two periods of decreasing speed. An increase of drying temperature decreases the processing time, presenting a greater AC degradation, while the air velocity offers a non-significant effect. The treatment which have allowed an AC better retention and low processing times was 60° C and 2 m.s -1 , reaching levels of 204.8 ± 10.5 mg, 137.0 ± 34.7 μg, 13.6 ± 0.9 mg, 2.2± 0.6 μg, 7.0±1.2 mg for calcium and vitamins B9, C, D3 and E, respectively per 50 g serving of dehydrated cape gooseberry. An integration of the vacuum impregnation process with conventional air-drying, represents an effective technological alternative, which confers a higher added value to cape gooseberry fruit.Keywords: Functional foods, calcium, vacuum impregnation, dehydrated products, vitamins. ResumenLos productos deshidratados adicionados con componentes activos (CA) representan una alternativa saludable para el consumidor moderno. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la influencia de las condiciones del proceso de secado sobre la uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.) impregnada al vacío con CA y deshidratada. Se utilizó un diseño factorial con dos variables independientes, 2 niveles por variable (temperatura: 50 y 60ºC; velocidad del aire: 2.0 y 3.0 m.s -1 ) y 3 réplicas por condición de secado. Los frutos de uchuva fueron previamente impregnados al vacío con una emulsión que contenía calcio y vitaminas B9 , C, D3 y E, además se sometieron a una deshidratación hasta una actividad de agua aproximada de 0.6. En adición a lo anterior, las curvas de velocidad de secado presentaron en todos los casos dos periodos de velocidad decreciente. El aumento de la temperatura de secado disminuye el tiempo de proceso, presentándose mayor degradación de los CA, mientras que la velocidad del aire ofrece un efecto no significativo. El tratamiento que permitió una mejor retención de los CA y bajos tiempos de proceso fue 60°C y 2 m.s -1 , alcanzando niveles de 204.8±10.5 mg, 137.0±34.7 mg, 13.6±0.9 mg, 2.2±0.6 mg, 7.0±1.2 mg para calcio y v...