Virological studies were done in a group of 112 infants under one year of age hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infections and in 41 healthy controls of the same age. Samples of nasopharyngeal aspirates were taken in both groups. Smears for immunofluorescencc of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza type 3 virus, adenovirus and direct viral isolation technics were performed. Matched samples for serology were also done in 38 cases. Virological studies were positive in 72.3 percent of patients; in 82.7 percent of them RSV was demostrated while in 16.0 percent there were viral associations. The Virological studies in the control group were positive in 36.6 percent of cases for RSV and cytomegalovirus. This results confirms the role of RSV in the etiology of bronchopneumonia in infants under one year of age. (Key woids: respiratory tract infections, pneumonia viral, respiratory syncytial virus, para influenza type 3 virus, adeno viruses).
Education in asthmatic children controlled at Roberto del Rio Hospital. Impact on knowledge, adhesion and disease control Introduction: Today is clear the role of educational programs in the control of chronic diseases. The goal was optimize the knowledge, adhesion, inhalation technique and asthma control through an educational workshop. Methods: We enrolled asthmatic patients (age 5 to 14 years), with questionnaire "control of asthma in children" (CAN). Patients with an score greater than or equal to 8 were invited to the educational workshop with a class of asthma, after a evaluation of knowledge and inhalation technique. These patients were reevaluated 6 months later. Results: 91 patients were recruited with a CAN score greater than or equal to 8, only 49 attended the workshop and 40 attended the reevaluation. Of these, 52,5% of the patients achieved a CAN score less than 8. Two patients were excluded because of modification of treatment, resulting in 47,5% of patients with CAN score less than 8. Conclusion: The education improved the knowledge, inhalation technique and adherence. Educational workshop should be implemented in our clinical practice.
Studies on the etiology of lower respiratory infectionsAs a contribution to knowledge about the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) in infants, 235 patients aged one year or less admitted to a children's hospital at northern metropolitan area of Santiago, Chile along years 1987 throughout 1989 with radiologically confirmed diagnosis were studied. Infants were eligible only if their symptoms lasted for not more than five days and their hospital stay was less than two days. Controls consisted on 74 healthy infants. A search for presumtive etiology was done by means of usual bacteriological procedures {pharyngeal swabs and blood cultures), plus latex test for type b Haemophitus influanzae (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP* in concentrated urine specimens; indirect inmunofluorescence (IF) for specific Chlamydia tracbomatis
Chlamydia trachomatosis pneumoniaFive infants with Chlamydia trachomatis associated pneumonia are analized. They were diagnosed out of 80 infants admitted to the hospital with pneumonia whose etiology was studied for virus, bacteria and Chlamydia trachomatis. Serum IgM antibodies to Chlamydia tr. were measured by indirect immunofluorescence (IIP), wich is considered to be specific in high titers (1 > 32). The five cases represented 10.4% of infants studied younger than six months. One child was born by cesarean section suggesting the posibility of other non oculogenital still undefined mechanism of transmission. Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were characteristics of those described in Chlamydia tr. pneumonia. Chlamydia trachomatis must be considered an etiologic agent in infantile pneumonia specially in the first six months of life. The high specificity and sensitivity of the IFF makes this serologic test the best non-invasive method for diagnosis of Chlamydia tr. pneumonia currently available.
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