The economy of Tanzania is to a large extent dependent on agriculture, which accounts for about 24.5% of GDP, 2 85% of exports 3 and during years with sufficient rainfall, it contributes 100% and in 2016/17 cropping season, 123% of the national food requirements (NFRs). Currently, agriculture employs nearly 70% of population and contributed about 29.1% of the GDP in 2016. Even though agriculture has significant role in the national economy, its production and productivity is low because to a large extent it depends on rainfall which is seasonally erratic, unreliable and non-uniformly distributed. Due to non-optimal availability of water for crop production, frequent food shortages have continued to be experienced in the country. Tanzania will therefore need to boost crop production 4 folds (i.e. from 1.8 to 7.2t ha-1) by improvement and or construction of
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