Context: The relationship between polymorphisms in the location of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and lung cancer has been investigated in many studies. Accordingly, the present meta-analysis study focused on the relationship between the TNF-α-238 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer. Methods: Articles were collected from Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed electronic databases until 2022. The articles were searched based on the keywords “Lung cancer,” “238 Gene”, and “tumor necrosis factor.” The articles were selected based on the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: There was no bias in this study research. Two except for two studies were significantly different, while no significant difference was found in the other studies. However, the results of the final Overall OR with a value of (0.66; 1.88) OR = 1.11 indicate that the additive model in the TNF-α-238 (rs361525) SNP increases the risk of lung cancer in the random model (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis study show the relationship between TNF-a-238 and lung cancer. The TNF-a-238 polymorphism increases the risk allele, and TNF-a-238 with an OR = 1.11 has an additive effect on lung cancer development and increases the risk of lung cancer.
Chronic stress during the pre-pubertal period has adverse effects in developing neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. The administration of supplements with antioxidant properties may alleviate depression and anxiety behavior. This study investigated the effects of oral supplementation of Japanese sake yeast on anxiety, depressive-like symptoms, oxidative stress, and changes in brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in adolescence rats subjected to chronic stress. In order to assess the effects of chronic stress, adolescent rats were grouped into one non-stressed control group (non-stress) and four different experimental groups. The other animals were subjected to stress and orally received normal saline (Control-stress), 15 mg/kg yeast (Stress-15), 30 mg/kg yeast (Stress-30) and 45 mg/kg yeast (Stress-45). Anxiety and depression-like behavior, BDNF levels, and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. The rats exposed to stress exhibited anxiogenic and depression-like behavior as well as lower levels of BDNF and higher levels of oxidative markers compared with non-stressed rats (P<0.05). However, the oral supplementation of sake yeast decreased anxiogenic and depression-like behavior and oxidative indices, and also increased BDNF levels compared to stressed rats treated with saline in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). In sum, stress caused anxiety and depression behavior, increased oxidative indices, and reduced BDNF levels while sake yeast alleviated adverse effects of stress on anxiety and depression behaviors, decreased oxidative markers, and increased BDNF levels.
Background and Objectives: Animal studies have shown that Nigella sativa oil facilitates wound healing process. The aim of this research was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa oil on chemotherapy-induced stomatitis. Methods: In this experimental study, a total of 72 healthy Wistar rats, were randomly divided into three groups [control, placebo, and recipient of black seed oil (treatment)]. The animals were given an intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) at doses of 100 and 65mg/kg bw, respectively, on day 1 and 3. Their cheek mucosa was scratched using the tip of an 18-gauge needle on day 3. The rats of the sham injection and treatment groups, intraperitoneally received placebo and Nigella sativa oil daily at the dose of 400μl/kg, respectively. Eight rats in each group, were sacrificed on days 4, 6, and 8, and sampling from their mucus, was performed for histopathological evaluation of the inflammation severity. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Results: Regardless of the time variable, the severity of mucosal inflammation in the treatment group, was significantly lower compared to the control and placebo groups. However, considering the time variable, this difference was significant only on the fourth day and in the following days, there was no difference between the three groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that intraperitoneal administration of black seed oil can reduce the acute inflammation score in chemotherapy-induced stomatitis.
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