Background and Purpose:Status epilepticus (SE) is defined as epileptic seizures of greater than five minutes or more than one seizure within a five minute period without returning to normal consciousness between them. It is a life-threatening condition particularly if treatment is delayed. Previous studies reported age, duration and etiology of SE as primary determinants of mortality.Methods:This prospective cross-sectional study performed on the patients with status epilepticus admitted in Rasoul-e-Akram hospital in Tehran. Patients followed at 30th day after SE to assess their living status.Results:Sixty-five patients, (56.9% was male) with 15 to 88 years of age entered the study. Mean duration of SE was 40 minutes and for hospital stay was 7 days. 84.6% of patients responded to treatment and 11 patients (16.9%) died within 30 days after SE. Mortality rate in patients with refractory SE was 70%. Mean interval between SE and death was 11.9 ± 11.7 days. Age, duration of SE and hospital stay, history of head trauma and neurosurgery were not predictors of mortality. Negative history for epilepsy had significantly higher mortality rate. Anoxic encephalopathy increased the mortality rate and response to treatment decreased it.Conclusions:Short-term mortality rate of SE was comparable with most of the previous reports Since our hospital has equipped emergency department, resuscitation and primary treatment of SE is usually start soon, percentage of anoxic encephalopathy is decreased and lower mortality rate is expected. We conclude that early treatment by decrease chance of anoxic encephalopathy, has significant role in outcome of SE.

Background: De Quervain tenosynovitis is mainly managed by conservative treatments, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, splint, and injection; however, surgical treatments are also recommended. Objectives: The present study aimed at assessing the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of de Quervain tenosynovitis. Methods: The current clinical trial was conducted on 26 patients with de Quervain tenosynovitis eligible for treatment. The intervention group received extracorporeal shock wave therapy (1000 impulses, 2 bar, 15 Hz), and the sham group a treatment without shock wave. Both groups received the same conservative treatments as thumb spica splint and 200 mg celecoxib once daily for three weeks. The assessment instruments included the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire, the visual analog scale (VAS), and the hand-grip strength test performed before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the DASH and VAS scores decreased, while the hand-grip strength increased significantly in the groups. DASH and VAS scores were significantly lower in the intervention group than the sham group after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is a safe and easy method to reduce pain and enhance upper extremity functions and hand-grip strength in patients with de Quervain tenosynovitis.

COVID-19 is a serious respiratory disease caused by a devastating coronavirus family (2019-nCoV) that has become a global epidemic. It is an infectious virus transmitted by inhalation or contact with the droplet core produced by infected people when they sneeze, cough, and speak. SARS-COV-2 transmission in the air is possible even in a confined space near the infected person. This study examines air conditioners’ effect on the mixed virus and droplets with aerosol disinfectant and gets throughout the elevator to detect the SARS-COV-2, which helps protect passengers’ lives. This study uses fluent 2019R3 software to simulate the virus transmission to model the transient flows numerically. The analysis found that the ventilation system’s turbulent fields can be an effective method of protecting the space from being saturated by the coronavirus.

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The Corona crisis is one of the crises that has engulfed the world and Uruguay and has marked all human beings' death and life. This crisis has many legal, political, social, and economic dimensions and has and will have different consequences in this area. So far in the last two centuries, twelve major epidemics of infectious diseases and fifteen famines, and severe droughts have engulfed our world, but this crisis is "of a different kind." It has been less critical to cover the whole world. Infect millions of people, create new words in cultures, and announce major changes in international relations, politics, law, and the world and country economies. No geographical point is safe from this, and it has a serious impact on human relations. This paper is aimed to study the Uruguayan legal system in the post-Covid-19 world. In this paper, Constitutional, Financial, commercial, Labor, Public, and judicial law is discussed in the light of the Covid-19, and its impacts and strategies to mitigate those impacts are mentioned.

With the outbreak of Covid-19 globally, many measures were taken to reduce this epidemic’s effects. The most important of these was the advice to stay home, which became the main line of witness slogans. With this recommendation, schools, offices, and factories were closed. The Covid-19 epidemic has had a profound effect on people’s lifestyles and is likely to have other consequences. The article’s main question is: What opportunities and challenges do the Covid epidemic pose to the environment, and how does it affect environmental rights? Quarantine policies have led to reduced production and transportation and a significant reduction in the pollution caused by these behaviors. Other effects may become apparent immediately. Covid-19 may increase survival damage in the future against contamination. Other developments may occur, including rethinking environmental and economic values and rethinking how resources are allocated and consumed, as Covid-19 affects the global, national, and local economies. Considering each of these consequences and their effects can help to develop environmental law and formulate effective strategies.

The outbreak of Covid-19 is an international crisis that has been unprecedented for the past hundred years. The virus was first reported in Wuhan, China, in late 2019 and gradually spread worldwide. In such circumstances, the effectiveness of international law in protecting human lives and promoting the right to health has been severely tested. More importantly, in the words of Michel Bachelet (A UN official), the Covid-19 has become a benchmark for the international community. This article will analyze how international law deals with the Covid-19 crisis in several areas: first, the World Health Organization's role as the main body responsible for protecting human healthcare in the face of the Covid-19 outbreak will be analyzed. Second, the international responsibility of States in guaranteeing the right to health will be assessed to determine the effectiveness of international law. Third, the suspension of human rights abuses due to the Covid-19 outbreak emergency will be tested in the international human rights system. Finally, the performance of the UN Security Council in dealing with this pandemic is examined. In each area, the question is to what extent the current structure of international law effectively deals with international crises and preserves human dignity.

Bu makale, İran'ın Afganistan ile uluslararası ortak su yollarının hidro-politik ilişkilerinin yönlerini açıklıyor ve analiz ediyor: Helmand / Hirmand ve İran ve Irak: Arvand Nehri / Shatt al-Arab, son yirmi yılda. Küresel güvenlik sürecinin oluşumu, biri su gibi stratejik bir kaynak olabilecek çok sayıda bağımsız değişkenin bir fonksiyonudur. Su, hükümetlerin ilişkilerinde ve dış politikasında temel bir barış, güvenlik, işbirliği ve çatışma kaynağı olabilir. Bir bölgedeki su kısıtlamaları bir güvensizlik döngüsüne yol açar. Toz, uyuşturucu, AIDS, terörizm, kirlilik, yaygın yoksulluk ve çevre sorunları gibi yaygın tehditler kolayca ulusal sınırları aşıyor ve bunların korkunç sonuçları tüm dünyayı dolaşıyor. Yukarıda bahsedilen güvensizliklerin aksine, insan güvenliğinin meta anlatısı ekonomik, politik, sosyal, sağlık, kişisel ve çevresel güvenlik gibi bir dizi güvenlik türünü temsil eder. İnsan güvenliğinin silahlarla hiçbir ilgisi yoktur. İnsan güvenliği, geçim için ihtiyaç duyulan malzemelere dikkat etmenin yanı sıra insan yaşamı ve onuru ile ilgilidir ve anlamlı sosyal hayata katılımı sağlar. İran'da uluslararası su yollarında insan güvenliğinin teşvik edilmesi, İran halkı ve İran'ın komşuları için güvenlik ve istikrar getiriyor.