OverviewThis review examines some factors related to the re-entry of women to postsecondary education and draws implications for needed research. It includes areas that are necessary to the larger goals of studying educational and career patterns of re-entry women, and to the development of adequate program evaluation models. The first part of the review considers barriers and opportunities in postsecondary education for the mature woman. These barriers include college restrictions, family resis tance, and financial problems, as well as attitudinal and selfconcept characteristics. Opportunities are examined in a review of frequently proposed solutions: counseling and special pro grams. One factor that limits these solutions at present is current theory and research on career choice for women, espe cially the "re-entry" woman. These major theories are briefly noted, as well as the findings of recent research studies, in the second part of this review. The third part deals specifically with a tool used by counselors-interest inventories. The issue of sex bias in interest measurement is discussed and recent research in the area is reviewed. The review concludes with implications for needed research-theoretical, programmatical, and in the area of interest measurement. 531
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. OverviewThis review examines some factors related to the re-entry of women to postsecondary education and draws implications for needed research. It includes areas that are necessary to the larger goals of studying educational and career patterns of re-entry women, and to the development of adequate program evaluation models. The first part of the review considers barriers and opportunities in postsecondary education for the mature woman. These barriers include college restrictions, family resistance, and financial problems, as well as attitudinal and selfconcept characteristics.Opportunities are examined in a review of frequently proposed solutions: counseling and special programs. One factor that limits these solutions at present is current theory and research on career choice for women, especially the "re-entry" woman. These major theories are briefly noted, as well as the findings of recent research studies, in the second part of this review. The third part deals specifically with a tool used by counselors-interest inventories. The issue of sex bias in interest measurement is discussed and recent research in the area is reviewed. The review concludes with implications for needed research-theoretical, programmatical, and in the area of interest measurement. 531 This content downloaded from 139.184.14.159 on Tue, 29 Sep 2015 07:19:55 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHWithin the past few years there has been increasing interest in, and development of, educational programs for a relatively new group of women students in postsecondary education. This group of students is often designated by the term re-entry, to indicate that women are reentering the educational system after leaving it for time periods ranging from only a few years to as many as twenty or more years.1Recent college enrollment data collected on a national level indicate that several major changes have occurred in the college population since 1970 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1975). In the period 1970-1974, the number of women college students h.s increased by 30% (from 3,013,000 to 3,898,000), compared to an increase for men of about 12% (from 4,401,000 to 4,924,000) and, in total, account for about 63% of the increase in college enrollment in the past four years. (The female college student population of 3,898,000 was 44% in 1974, compared with 41% in 1970.)Since 1972, the college enrollment figures have been collected on persons 35 years and older. From 1972 to 1974, the number of college students in this age group increased by 30% (from 787,000 to 1,025,000 students). The percentage of change from 1970 to 1974 for college enrollment of women of various age groups shows...
Form DD (KOIS) was administered to 202 women who were considering reentry into the educational system. Two questions were of interest: (a) Do the profiles indicate meaningful differentiation of interests for reentry women? and (b) Do cross-sex-normed scales (male-normed scales) provide additional information for these women? To answer these questions, standardized lambda scores based on within-individual scale scores were computed. A group profile was constructed by averaging these standardized scores. It was found that the KOIS does differentiate between women and that individual interests are reflected for this sample of women. In addition, it was concluded that the examination of the malenormed scales is very useful in counseling, since expanded choices are offered to female clients for consideration.Recent college enrollment data indicate that several major changes in enrollment patterns have occurred since 1970 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1975). The number of women college students has increased by 30% (1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974) compared to an increase for men of about 12%. Since 1972, college enrollment figures have been collected nationally on persons over 35 years of age. These data provide evidence indicating that the reentry woman is appearing in college in increasing numbers, that the greatest proportional increase is among older women between 25 and 34 years, and that the number of reentry women over 35 is also apparently increasing. Special programs exist for these women on many campuses (Tittle & Denker, Note 1), and counseling is a basic activity in these special programs.With this new group of women entering
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