In the article the comparative analysis of the main methodological ideas and approaches to a problem of a Socio-cultural context and Christian and philosophical sources of the genesis of the modern European science is carried out. It is shown that according to S. Yaki's concept, Christian Catholicism in which the Creator's cult based on the cosmological argument was systematically emphasized was the religion, which created optimum conditions for the development of science. The Protestant hypothesis of M. Weber -R. Merton differs in a reduction of the analysis of religious terms of emergence of science to features of a Puritan way of life, and data of specifics of science to simply to the interpreted experimentalism. Similar the "method from conditions" does not give the chance of an explanation of substantial transformations of the bases of antique and medieval science, which led to formation of the bases of the modern European natural sciences. The conclusion that the method of "absolute metaphysical prerequisites" of R. J. Collingwood allows to reveal
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.