The subject of the article is the socio-philosophical ideas of the outstanding domestic philosopher, economist, sociologist and agronomist A. V. Chayanov. The authors reveal consistently the urgency of determining the ways of developing domestic agriculture on the basis of the socio-philosophical model proposed by A. V. Chayanov. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the notion of family-labor peasant economy by A. V. Chayanov, which reveals the value bases and cultural specificity of agricultural production in our country: “sense of the owner” inherent in the peasant due to his proximity to the land, close connection with the natural rhythms of life, the traditions of good-neighborliness and mutual assistance, and a number of others.
The article presents the first stage results of a sociological study on the attitude to family farming of young people conducted at the Ural State Agrarian University. The object of the research is the student youth of the Agrarian University, family farming enterprises. The subject of the study was the culture, motives and problems of farmers' labor. A comprehensive research strategy was chosen as a research methodology, which includes quantitative and qualitative methods of sociological research: the research used a written survey (questioning) of an expert youth group. Work was done with focus groups. Objective: to identify problems and development prospects of family farming as a special social group.
The article highlights and briefly analyzes the main directions of agrarian sociology in Russia, and shows that agricultural sociology is only evolving today. Theoretical research methods were used: a systematic approach, a comparative historical method, as well as quantitative and qualitative methods of applied sociological research: questionnaires, analysis of documents and work in a focus group. The research allows identifying the main directions of modern agrarian sociology in Russia. These include: 1. Sociological research of ecological culture and consumer culture. 2. The sociology of nutrition. 3. Sociological studies of farming as a special social group. Based on the results of the study, the authors identify the trend directions of modern agricultural sociology in Russia which are currently being formed and waiting for research by the joint efforts of sociologists, economists, lawyers, philosophers and representatives of agricultural sciences. Solving these problems will help attract young people to work in farms, including the organization of their own family farm. The first group of problems is the loss of traditions of family farming as a way of life and the related underestimation of farm labor and farming as a social community. The second group of problems is related to the insufficient use of innovative technologies, including digital ones, in family farming and everyday life, as well as the insufficiently developed social infrastructure in rural areas.
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