In the modern world there has been change in education environment and education technologies, which has led to new concepts and tendencies in training and education. The purpose of this research is to explore evolution of terminology in distance, open, online education and learning. The change in use of the terminology is analysed through the Google Books Ngram Viewer that allows to define frequency of the use of the terms in six publications corpora for the certain period. The research identifies tendencies of the use of the terms in the sphere of education in different language groups compared and reveals interrelation between the change in the use of the terminology and economic, social, political and technological factors.
This paper examines ways to divide dysphemisms into groups. It argues that there is need to take into account several factors common for communicative situations in which dysphemisms are used. Research shows that they are the speaker, the referent, the intention of the speaker, language resources. According to language recourses used to achieve dysphemistic effect words and phrases are divided into those that have contextual or dictionary dysphemistic meaning. They fall into two groups according to animate or inanimate referent. Two other factors are pragmatic. They influence the use of dysphemism in different groups determining their characteristics in a particular communicative situation.
The article is meant to look at the COVID-19 coverage in political discourse in the frames of the metaphor based approach. The authors aimed at examining the role of language and metaphor in the way we speak and understand as particular metaphorical concepts appear to be key mechanisms of shaping the reality in these times. The results introduced in the article show that currently predominating types of metaphors such as military or war metaphors, animal and catastrophe metaphors. The above metaphors are studied in political discourses on the gross scale.
Abstract. The purpose of the scientific research is to identify patterns between the development of spice exports in Russia and on the world market. To achieve the goal, the following tasks have been set: 1) to consider the trends in the development of the world structure of exports and imports of spices; 2) identify clusters in the regions of Russia in terms of production and trade indicators and determine the influence of the most significant factors on the dynamics of Russian exports of spices; 3) explore the impact of Russia's export performance on the dynamics of the global spice market. Methods. Economic-statistical, analytical, tabular and graphical methods were used. Correlation-regression analysis was used to identify patterns between the world market and Russian exports of spices. Results. This study identified trends in the development of the global market for flavor products, including an increase in demand for spices by 41 % over the past 5 years. The place of Russia for the analyzed period in the export deliveries of coriander in physical terms was determined. To identify the clusters, the indicator of export localization was used, on the basis of which the regions with export specialization in the supply of coriander to foreign markets were identified. These regions include the Stavropol Territory, whose agricultural producers grow coriander of 99 % purity, that is, fulfilling the criteria of the international standard. The results of the correlation-regression analysis showed that there are patterns associated with the influence of Russian exports of spices on the dynamics of the global market for flavoring products. The article presents obstacles to the development of the spice market on a global scale and measures that contribute to the expansion of the export potential in Russia. The novelty of the results lies in the identification of clusters among Russian regions in the production of coriander and their orientation to the world market, as well as the identification of patterns in the development of spice exports in Russia, including the Stavropol Territory, and the world market, taking into account existing problems.
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